Functional Connectivity of the Corpus Callosum in Epilepsy Patients with Secondarily Generalized Seizures

Peng, Syu‐Jyun; Hsin, Yue-Loong

doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00446

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…In this context, several studies have shown that there are changes in the functional activity/connectivity in patients with these lesions, particularly in the DMN and RSNs (Peng & Hsin, 2017). We found, in accordance with those studies, that there is indeed a disruption of the DMN for this network as estimated by BP using the critical parameter of the normal HC (Fig.…”

Section: Predicting Rsns Of Pathological Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Despite the obvious effect on the functional interaction of neuronal populations, the lesions of the CC usually lead to mechanical and other changes in the brain that are not necessarily related to functional activity, but can imply local impairments of the normal functional behavior of neuronal masses. In this context, several studies have shown that there are changes in the functional activity/connectivity in patients with these lesions, particularly in the DMN and RSNs (Peng & Hsin, 2017). We found, in accordance with those studies, that there is indeed a disruption of the DMN for this network as estimated by BP using the critical parameter of the normal HC (Fig.…”

Section: Predicting Rsns Of Pathological Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

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Modeling functional resting-state brain networks through neural message passing on the human connectome

et al. 2020

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Understanding the relationship between the structure and function of the human brain is one of the most important open questions in Neurosciences. In particular, Resting State Networks (RSN) and more specifically the Default Mode Network (DMN) of the brain, which are defined from the analysis of functional data lack a definitive justification consistent with the anatomical structure of the brain. In this work we show that a possible connection may naturally rest on the idea that information flows in the brain through a neural message-passing dynamics between macroscopic structures, like those defined by the human connectome (HC). In our model, each brain region in the HC is assumed to have a binary behavior (active or not), the strength of interactions among them is encoded in the anatomical connectivity matrix defined by the HC, and the dynamics of the system is defined by a neural message-passing algorithm, Belief Propagation (BP), working near the critical point of the human connectome. We show that in the absence of direct external stimuli the BP algorithm converges to a spatial map of activations that is similar to the DMN. Moreover, we computed, using Susceptibility Propagation (SP), the matrix of correlations between the different regions and show that the modules defined by a clustering of this matrix resemble several Resting States Networks determined experimentally. Both results suggest that the functional DMN and RSNs can be seen as simple consequences of the anatomical structure of the brain and a neural message-passing dynamics between macroscopic regions. We then show preliminary results indicating our predictions on how functional DMN maps change when the anatomical brain network suffers structural anomalies, like in Alzheimer's Disease and in lesions of the Corpus Callosum.

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Section: Predicting Rsns Of Pathological Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Predicting Rsns Of Pathological Networksupporting

confidence: 91%

Modeling functional resting-state brain networks through neural message passing on the human connectome

et al. 2020

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“…eralization. 3,14 In some patients with generalized seizures, focal seizure onset might be discovered following disruption of the rapid propagation between two hemispheres after corpus callosotomy. 2 Therefore, the bilateral epileptic networks in generalized epilepsy with focal onset could have greater reliance on the corpus callosum for seizure propagation than the bilateral epileptic networks in generalized epilepsy with nonfocal bilateral synchronization.…”

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confidence: 99%

Altered integrity of corpus callosum in generalized epilepsy in relation to seizure lateralization after corpus callosotomy

Chen

Messina

Castillo³

et al. 2020

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OBJECTIVEGeneralized-onset seizures are usually conceptualized as engaging bilaterally distributed networks with no clear focus. However, the authors previously reported a case series demonstrating that in some patients with generalized-onset seizures, focal seizure onset could be discovered after corpus callosotomy. The corpus callosum is considered to be a major pathway for seizure generalization in this group of patients. The authors hypothesized that, in patients with generalized-onset seizures, the structure of the corpus callosum could be different between patients who have lateralized seizures and those who have nonlateralized seizures after corpus callosotomy. The authors aimed to evaluate the structural difference through statistical analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scalars between these two groups of patients.METHODSThirty-two patients diagnosed with generalized-onset motor seizures and without an MRI lesion were included in this study. Among them, 16 patients developed lateralized epileptic activities after corpus callosotomy, and the remaining 16 patients continued to have nonlateralized seizures after corpus callosotomy. Presurgical DTI studies were acquired to quantify the structural integrity of the corpus callosum.RESULTSThe DTI analysis showed significant reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA) and increase in radial diffusivity (RD) in the body of the corpus callosum in the lateralized group compared with the nonlateralized group.CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ findings indicate the existence of different configurations of bilateral epileptic networks in generalized epilepsy. Generalized seizures with focal onset relying on rapid spread through the corpus callosum might cause more structural damage related to demyelination in the corpus callosum, showing reduced FA and increased RD. This study suggests that presurgical DTI analysis of the corpus callosum might predict the seizure lateralization after corpus callosotomy.

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“…CC is a C-shaped white matter structure that connects the cerebral hemispheres and mediates information transfers between them [3]. Moreover, as a brain connector and coordinator, the CC has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of psychosis and in seizures of generalized, atonic, or unexplained natures (e.g., head trauma or alcohol withdrawal, instances with no obvious cause) [4,5]. It has been documented that, patients who experience multiple unprovoked focal and partial seizures, which could spread via the CC, may develop clinical epilepsy over time [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Surgical Approach for Complete Interhemispheric Corpus Callosotomy Combined with Extended Frontoparietal Craniotomy in Mice

et al. 2023

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Callosotomy is an invasive method that is used to study the role of interhemispheric functional connectivity in the brain. This surgical approach is technically demanding to perform in small laboratory animals, such as rodents, due to several methodological challenges. To date, there exist two main approaches for transecting the corpus callosum (CC) in rodents: trephine hole(s) or unilateral craniotomy, which cause damage to the cerebral cortex or the injury of large vessels, and may lead to intracranial hemorrhage and animal death. This study presents an improved surgical approach for complete corpus callosotomy in mice using an interhemispheric approach combined with bilateral and extended craniotomy across the midline. This study demonstrated that bilateral and extended craniotomy provided the visual space required for hemisphere and sinus retraction, thus keeping large blood vessels and surrounding brain structures intact under the surgical microscope using standardized surgical instruments. We also emphasized the importance of good post-operative care leading to an increase in overall animal survival following experimentation. This optimized surgical approach avoids extracallosal tissue and medium- to large-sized cerebral blood vessel damage in mice, which can provide higher study reproducibility/validity among animals when revealing the role of the CC in various neurological pathologies.

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Functional Connectivity of the Corpus Callosum in Epilepsy Patients with Secondarily Generalized Seizures

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Modeling functional resting-state brain networks through neural message passing on the human connectome

Modeling functional resting-state brain networks through neural message passing on the human connectome

Altered integrity of corpus callosum in generalized epilepsy in relation to seizure lateralization after corpus callosotomy

An Improved Surgical Approach for Complete Interhemispheric Corpus Callosotomy Combined with Extended Frontoparietal Craniotomy in Mice

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