Functional Characterization of the Tau Class Glutathione-S-Transferases Gene (SbGSTU) Promoter of Salicornia brachiata under Salinity and Osmotic Stress

Abstract

Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species are generated in the plant cell during the extreme stress condition, which produces toxic compounds after reacting with the organic molecules. The glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzymes play a significant role to detoxify these toxins and help in excretion or sequestration of them. In the present study, we have cloned 1023 bp long promoter region of tau class GST from an extreme halophyte Salicornia brachiata and functionally characterized using the transgenic approach in tobacco. Computational analysis revealed the presence of abiotic stress responsive cis-elements like ABRE, MYB, MYC, GATA, GT1 etc., phytohormones, pathogen and wound responsive motifs. Three 5’-deletion constructs of 730 (GP2), 509 (GP3) and 348 bp (GP4) were made from 1023 (GP1) promoter fragment and used for tobacco transformation. The single event transgenic plants showed notable GUS reporter protein expression in the leaf tissues of control as well as treated plants. The expression level of the GUS gradually decreases from GP1 to GP4 in leaf tissues, whereas the highest level of expression was detected with the GP2 construct in root and stem under control condition. The GUS expression was found higher in leaves and stems of salinity or osmotic stress treated transgenic plants than that of the control plants, but, lower in roots. An efficient expression level of GUS in transgenic plants suggests that this promoter can be used for both constitutive as well as stress inducible expression of gene(s). And this property, make it as a potential candidate to be used as an alternative promoter for crop genetic engineering.

Retracted: Proteomic and physiological responses of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to salinity stress and N‐acyl‐homoserine lactone

“…The increased abundance of Prx proteins induced by AHL could be associated with the decreased MDA concentrations caused by lipid peroxidation in salt-stressed Arabidopsis seedlings. Furthermore, we identified a glutathione S-transferase tau 5 (spot 71) and a quinone oxidoreductase-like protein (spot 108), which had previously been reported to play a significant role to detoxify toxins generated in plant cell during the extreme stress condition (Heyno et al 2013, Tiwari et al 2016, showed increasing trend by all treatments. Interestingly, the maximum expression amounts of these two proteins were found in NaCl + AHL treatment, implying that exogenous AHL application can help to reduce the generation of toxic compounds in salt-stressed Arabidopsis seedlings.…”

Halophytes in biosaline agriculture: Mechanism, utilization, and value addition

“…thaliana (Sun, Gao, Zhao, Li, & Zhang, ). Several cis ‐regulatory elements and stress‐inducible motifs of different stress responsive genes have also been found in halophytes (Tiwari, Patel, Chaturvedi, Mishra, & Jha, ). The 897 bp promoter region of phosphoethanolamine N‐methyltransferase ( SlPEAMT ) gene isolated from S .…”

“…The AcBADH gene from Atriplex centralasiatica has been shown to be strongly induced by salt stress (Yin, Zhao, Luo, & Zhang, 2002 (Sun, Gao, Zhao, Li, & Zhang, 2010). Several cis-regulatory elements and stress-inducible motifs of different stress responsive genes have also been found in halophytes (Tiwari, Patel, Chaturvedi, Mishra, & Jha, 2016…”

Multiple transcriptional regulation of walnut JrGSTTau1 gene in response to osmotic stress

“…). Considering that the promoter expression activity of the walnut V‐ATPase G subunit ( JrVHAG1 ) was enhanced by CdCl 2 treatment (Xu et al ), that the expression of T. hispida c subunit ( ThVHAc1 ) promoter was increased by CdCl 2 and ThVHAc1 was further confirmed as Cd tolerance gene (Yang et al ), and that the GUS expression of Salicornia brachiata SbGSTU promoter was enhanced by PEG 6000 and salt stresses (Tiwari et al ), it can be concluded that JrGSTTau1 is a potential osmotic stress tolerance gene.…”