Functional beverage of Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) enhances plasma antioxidant capacity in healthy adults

Abstract

This study was to investigate the absorption and antioxidant effect of a mangosteen-based functional beverage in humans. The beverage contained mangosteen, aloe vera, green tea, and multivitamins. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with generally healthy male and female subjects between 18 and 60 years of age. Ten men and 10 women participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, treatment and placebo group. Participants received either a daily single dose (245 mL) of the beverage or a placebo. Blood samples were collected from each participant at time points 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h. The plasma samples were analyzed by LC/MS for α-mangostin and vitamins B2 and B5. Results indicated that the three analytes were bioavailable, with observed Cmax at around 1 h. The antioxidant capacity measured with the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was increased with a maximum effect of 60% after 1 h, and the elevated antioxidant level lasted at least 6 h. This study demonstrated the bioavailability of α-mangostin and B vitamins from a xanthone-rich beverage and the mechanisms of the increase in plasma antioxidant may be direct effects from antioxidants, enhancement of endogenous antioxidant activity through activation of Nrf2 pathway, and synergism of the antioxidants.

Daily consumption of a mangosteen‐based drink improves in vivo antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory biomarkers in healthy adults: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial

“…; Xie et al. ). As shown in Figure , the antioxidant status of human plasma after 30 days was analyzed by hydrophilic ORAC, which accounts for activities of hydrophilic compounds.…”

“…Xanthones are considered the major phytochemical compounds that have contributed to mangosteen ' s antioxidant capacity. Our recent studies have shown that xanthone-rich beverage effectively increased the peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (ORAC) of human plasma after a few hours of consumption (Kondo et al 2009 ;Xie et al 2015 ). As shown in Figure 1 , the antioxidant status of human plasma after 30 days was analyzed by hydrophilic ORAC, which accounts for activities of hydrophilic compounds.…”

Mangosteen processing: A review

“…Mangosteen pericarp tissues are rich in tannins and anthocyanins (Du & Francis, ; Pothitirat, Chomnawang, Supabphol, & Gritsanapanm, ) and a wide range of phenolic compounds including prenylated and oxygenated xanthones and others of interest in pharmacology, cosmetics, and as functional food additives due to their nutraceutical properties (Ovalle‐Magalanes et al, ; Suksamrarn et al, ; Xie, Sintara, Chang, & Ou, ; Zadernowski, Czaplicki, & Naczk, ). Some of the rind is used in the production of powders or extracts rich in bioactive molecules or in the production of a red anthocyanin‐based dye for use as a natural colorant for cotton and silk yarn (Chairat, Bremner, & Chantrapromma, ).…”

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“…In a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study, ingestion of a blended mangosteen juice by healthy human subjects could decrease the serum CRP levels, however, other inflammation markers were increased compared to the placebo [130]. Qu and colleagues [131,132] determined the bioavailability of the free form of α-MG and vitamins B2 and B5 found in xanthone-rich mangosteen products (Verve ® and Mangosteen Plus with Essential Minerals) and its efficacy on plasma antioxidant status in the human body. The results shown that α-MG and vitamins B2 and B5 were bioavailable with an observed C max at a t max of around 1 h, and the antioxidant capacity measured with the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay was increased.…”