Functional and structural responses of bacterial and fungal communities from paddy fields following long-term rice cultivation

Liu, Yalong; Wang, Ping; Pan, Genxing; Crowley, David E.; Li, Lianqing; Zhang, Xuhui; Zheng, Jufeng

doi:10.1007/s11368-015-1343-8

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Thus, in the current study, pore water DOC could be the main reason of increasing bacterial diversity in EA, suggesting that with 3 years experience of EA, the soil properties were improved. Our results are also consistent with those of other studies that the use of biochar or straw as organic amendments can promote soil microbial diversity [40][41][42].…”

Section: Biodiversity and Ecological Service Functionssupporting

confidence: 93%

Integrating environmental parameters and economic benefits to analyze the ecological agriculture (EA) application in the mountain rice paddy system of Chongqing, China

et al. 2019

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Background: Agrochemicals, such as pesticides and fertilizers used in the current conventional agriculture (CA), have contaminating effects on environments as well as food, which pose significant risks to non-target organisms and even human health. Under these environmental pressures, ecological agriculture (EA), using organic fertilizer for crop growth, was developed without pesticides to substitute CA gradually worldwide. However, EA has still not become popular in the Chinese mountain area. To identify the major factors that influence the application of EA, rice cultivation between EA and CA was compared by analyzing soil physical-chemical properties, and soil bacterial and plant diversity in Chongqing. Besides, in considering the economic benefits of small-scale paddy ecosystem, net present value (NPV) method was applied for quantification and evaluation between EA and CA. Results: The rice yield of EA (3700 kg/ha) was significantly lower than that of CA (7500 kg/ha). Soil total nitrogen (TN, 2.24 ± 0.16 g/kg) and available potassium (AK, 70.67 ± 9.88 mg/kg) in CA were higher than those in EA, with amounts of 1.45 ± 0.18 g/kg (TN) and 54.00 ± 5.89 mg/kg (AK). Soil organic matter (SOM) of CA (55.6 ± 5.8 g/kg) was distinctly higher than that of EA (24.4 ± 1.43 g/kg), whereas pore water DOC concentration in EA (71.11 ± 7.28 mg/L) was higher than that in CA (61.07 ± 6.61 mg/L). Plant richness, bacterial diversity of ACE and Chao1 in EA were significantly higher than in CA (P < 0.05). The net present value (NPV) of EA was 3.72 CNY/m 2 , which was higher than that of CA (2.98 CNY/ m 2). Conclusions: The relative high amounts of AP, pore water DOC and bacterial diversity revealed the improvement of soil properties by EA. Limitations on N and AK may be responsible for the low yield in small-scale EA of the current study. In addition, economic benefits, plant richness and bacterial diversity suggested EA application in China as well as worldwide to facilitate the sustainable development of the agroecosystem. However, animal diversity and quantification on economic benefits of ecological services should be considered in further research to promote the sustainability development of the agroecosystem.

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Section: Biodiversity and Ecological Service Functionssupporting

confidence: 93%

Integrating environmental parameters and economic benefits to analyze the ecological agriculture (EA) application in the mountain rice paddy system of Chongqing, China

et al. 2019

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“…Soil matrix and microhabitat conditions (aggregation and associated nutrients and C substrate as well as redox potential) played a critical role in changes in soil microbial abundance and community composition (Lehmann et al, 2011;Smith et al, 2014). Here, a clearly marked difference in microbial abundance and community could be found between the rice soils and the initial marsh soil before the shift to rice cultivation, either for bulk soils (Wang et al, 2015) or for aggregate fractions (Liu et al, 2016b). This could be coincident with the shift in soil physical and chemical conditions between the rice soil and the initial marsh soil, where the latter has alkaline in reaction, poor aggregation due to depleted SOC and high salinity (data in Table 1).…”

Section: Bioactivities Vs Carbon Stabilization Between Sandand Clay-mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This indicated a potential role of the physically protected labile carbon pool in enhancing biological activity with bulk SOC accumulation in rice soils (Zou et al, 2015). Recently, changes in microbial gene abundance and community composition were reported for bulk soils (Liu et al, 2016a) and for aggregate size fractions of soils (Liu et al, 2016b), from such a rice soil chronosequence. It could be speculated that physical protection could involve a change in the spatial distribution of pools rather than in the chemical recalcitrance, of organic carbon located among aggregate size fractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Microbial activity promoted with organic carbon accumulation in macroaggregates of paddy soils under long-term rice cultivation

et al. 2016

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Abstract. While soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stabilization has been increasingly the focus of ecosystem properties, how it could be linked to soil biological activity enhancement has been poorly assessed. In this study, topsoil samples were collected from a series of rice soils shifted from salt marshes for 0, 50, 100, 300 and 700 years from a coastal area of eastern China. Soil aggregates were fractioned into different sizes of coarse sand (200–2000 µm), fine sand (20–200 µm), silt (2–20 µm) and clay (< 2 µm), using separation with a low-energy dispersion protocol. Soil properties were determined to investigate niche specialization of different soil particle fractions in response to long-term rice cultivation, including recalcitrant and labile organic carbon, microbial diversity of bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities, soil respiration and enzyme activity. The results showed that the mass proportion both of coarse-sand (2000–200 µm) and clay (< 2 µm) fractions increased with prolonged rice cultivation, but the aggregate size fractions were dominated by fine-sand (200–20 µm) and silt (20–2 µm) fractions across the chronosequence. SOC was highly enriched in coarse-sand fractions (40–60 g kg−1) and moderately in clay fractions (20–25 g kg−1), but was depleted in silt fractions (∼ 10 g kg−1). The recalcitrant carbon pool was higher (33–40 % of SOC) in both coarse-sand and clay fractions than in fine-sand and silt fractions (20–29 % of SOC). However, the ratio of labile organic carbon (LOC) to SOC showed a weakly decreasing trend with decreasing size of aggregate fractions. Total soil DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) content in the size fractions followed a similar trend to that of SOC. Despite the largely similar diversity between the fractions, 16S ribosomal gene abundance of bacteria and of archaeal were concentrated in both coarse-sand and clay fractions. Being the highest generally in coarse-sand fractions, 18S rRNA gene abundance of fungi decreased sharply but the diversity gently, with decreasing size of the aggregate fractions. The soil respiration quotient (ratio of respired CO2–C to SOC) was the highest in the silt fraction, followed by the fine-sand fraction, but the lowest in coarse-sand and clay fractions in the rice soils cultivated over 100 years, whereas the microbial metabolic quotient was lower in coarse-sand-sized fractions than in other fractions. Soil respiration was higher in the silt fraction than in other fractions for the rice soils. For the size fractions other than the clay fraction, enzyme activity was increased with prolonged rice cultivation, whereas soil respiration appeared to have a decreasing trend. Only in the coarse-sand fraction was both microbial gene abundance and enzyme activity well correlated to SOC and LOC content, although the chemical stability and respiratory of SOC were similar between coarse-sand and clay fractions. Thus, biological activity was generally promoted with LOC accumulation in the coarse-sand-sized macroaggregates of the rice soils, positively responding to prolonged rice cultivation management. The finding here provides a mechanistic understanding of soil organic carbon turnover and microbial community succession at fine scale of soil aggregates that have evolved along with anthropogenic activity of rice cultivation in the field.

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“…Continuous cropping refers to a system in which the same crop is repeatedly cropped in the same field over a number of years without rotational cropping . In China, due to arable land limitations and the large population, continuous cropping systems are commonly practiced for cash crops and grain crops , which usually leads to plant growth inhibition and serious soil‐borne diseases, a phenomenon which has been described as a “continuous cropping obstacle” . In China, this “obstacle” has affected many long‐term monoculture sweet potato fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of consecutive monoculture of sweet potato on soil bacterial community as determined by pyrosequencing

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

J Basic Microbiol

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Soil bacteria play key roles in determining soil health and plant growth. In this study, four sweet potato fields that had been consecutively monocultured for 1, 2, 3, and 4 years were used to investigate the effect of monoculture on soil physicochemical properties and soil bacterial communities. The results revealed that continuous cropping led to a significant decline in soil pH, soil organic carbon, and soil bacterial abundance. Miseq pyrosequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the main phyla in the sweet potato monoculture soils, comprising up to 66.24% of the total sequences. The relative abundances of beneficial bacteria, including Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Xanthomonadaceae, Rhodospirillaceae, and Syntrophobacteraceae, as well as their subgroups at the genus and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) levels, decreased considerably as the number of continuous cropping years increased. In contrast, the number of potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Acidobacteria, Sphingomonadaceae, and Pedobacter accumulated with increasing years. The results also showed the alterations to the bacterial community in the sweet potato monoculture soils were mainly driven by soil pH and soil organic matter. Overall, the decline in soil quality after successive sweet potato monoculture can be attributed to the imbalance in soil properties and soil microbes, including the decrease in soil pH and soil organic carbon, and the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria at the expense of plant‐beneficial bacteria.

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Functional and structural responses of bacterial and fungal communities from paddy fields following long-term rice cultivation

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Integrating environmental parameters and economic benefits to analyze the ecological agriculture (EA) application in the mountain rice paddy system of Chongqing, China

Integrating environmental parameters and economic benefits to analyze the ecological agriculture (EA) application in the mountain rice paddy system of Chongqing, China

Microbial activity promoted with organic carbon accumulation in macroaggregates of paddy soils under long-term rice cultivation

Effects of consecutive monoculture of sweet potato on soil bacterial community as determined by pyrosequencing

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