Conductive hydrogel have attracted widespread attention in wearable electronic devices and human motion detection. However, designing self-healing hydrogel with high conductivity and excellent mechanical properties remains a challenge. In this...
This study was conducted to examine the influences of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) in the diet of lactating Holstein cattle on rumen fermentation and ruminal bacterial microbiome. Twenty-four lactating Chinese Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to each of the two treatments in a completely randomized design: the SBM group [the basal total mixed ration (TMR) diet containing 5.77% SBM] and the FSBM group (the experimental TMR diet containing 5.55% FSBM). This trial lasted for 54 days (14 days for adjustment and 40 days for data and sample collection), and samples of rumen liquid were collected on 34 d and 54 d, respectively. The results showed that replacing SBM with FSBM significantly increased the molar percentages of propionate (P < 0.01) and valerate (P < 0.05), but reduced the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration (P < 0.05), butyrate molar proportion (P < 0.05), and the acetate to propionate ratio (P < 0.01). The copy numbers of total bacteria (P < 0.05), Fibrobacter succinogenes (P < 0.01), Selenomonas ruminantium (P < 0.01), and Prevotella spp. (P < 0.05) in the FSBM group were greater, while the density of Prevotella ruminicola (P < 0.05) was lower than those in the SBM treatment. Additionally, Succiniclasticum ruminis and Saccharofermentans acetigenes were significantly enriched (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of FSBM-fed cows, despite the fact that there was no remarkable difference in the Alpha diversity indexes, structure and KEGG pathway abundances of the bacterial community across the two treatments. It could hence be concluded that the substitution of FSBM for SBM modulated rumen fermentation and rumen bacterial microbiota in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Further research is required to elucidate the relevant mechanisms of FSBM, and provide more insights into the application of FSBM in dairy cattle.
Flexible
piezoresistive sensors with high sensitivity, low cost,
and wide response ranges are urgently required due to the rapid development
of wearable electronics. Here, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/graphene/waterborne
polyurethane (WPU)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composite aerogels
(CNTs/graphene/WC) were fabricated by facile solution mixing and freeze-drying
technology for high-performance pressure sensors. WPU and CNC were
constructed as a 3D structure skeleton, and the synergistic effect
of CNTs and graphene was beneficial to enhancing the sensing performance.
The obtained pressure sensor exhibits a highly porous network structure,
remarkable mechanical properties (76.16 kPa), high sensitivity (0.25
kPa–1), an ultralow detection limit (0.112 kPa),
and high stability (>800 cycles). More importantly, the piezoresistive
sensor could be successfully used to detect various human motions
such as finger bending, squatting–rising, walking, and running
and effectively extract real-time information by the electrical signals.
In addition, the CNTs/graphene/WC composite aerogel exhibits excellent
thermal insulation performance, which can withstand 160 °C for
a long time without any damage to the structure. The CNTs/graphene/WC
composite aerogel, because of its thermal insulation property, endows
the sensor with the potential for application in high-temperature
environments. The results indicate that CNTs/graphene/WC composite
aerogels possess high sensing performance and outstanding thermal
insulation, which means that the aerogels could be used as flexible,
wearable electronics.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.