Functional and morphological pathology of the nasal mucosa after x-ray irradiation

Ōhashi, Y.; Nakai, Yousuke; Ikeoka, Hiroshi; Koshimo, Hiroyuki; Esaki, Yusuke; Nakata, Junko; Onoyama, Y

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1988.tb00317.x

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A damage to the ciliated cells has been documented after irradiation of the respiratory mucosa in animals 11 and in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 12 Analogue changes may explain the functional damage observed in our sample of children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We could detect a decreased nasal MCC in our sample of patients, indicated by a lower percentage of responses to the test (p ‫ס‬ .0083) and longer MCC times (p ‫ס‬ .0001) in the cases compared with the control group, also adjusting for probable confounding (Tables 4 and 5). A damage to the ciliated cells has been documented after irradiation of the respiratory mucosa in animals 11 and in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 12 Analogue changes may explain the functional damage observed in our sample of children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance after radiotherapy for childhood head cancer

et al. 2001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance after radiotherapy for childhood head cancer

et al. 2001

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“…The radiation field ordinarily covers the nasopharyngeal cavity, posterior choana, skull base, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid sinus, posterior one third of the maxillary sinus, oropharyngeal cavity, and the upper neck 3 . Because epithelial cells are radiation sensitive, radiation therapy will cause these cells to become degenerative and prone to desquamation and ciliary dysfunction 4 . These adverse effects, as a result of treating NPC, will increase the susceptibility of pathogenic organism in the oropharynx, resulting in a superimposed infection in the sinuses 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Because epithelial cells are radiation sensitive, radiation therapy will cause these cells to become degenerative and prone to desquamation and ciliary dysfunction. 4 These adverse effects, as a result of treating NPC, will increase the susceptibility of pathogenic organism in the oropharynx, resulting in a superimposed infection in the sinuses. 5 Postirradiation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the tumor status has been performed at our institute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postirradiation Sinus Mucosa Disease in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients

Huang

Lee

et al. 2007

The Laryngoscope

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“…These structures are continually bathed in mucus secreted from several types of glands in the nasal cavity. If nasal mucus were inhibited by any cause, e.g., by nasal x-irradiation (Ohashi et al, 1988) or by diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome , Wegener's granulomatosis (Fauci and Wolff, 1973), or ozena [a severe form of atrophic rhinitis (Dutt and Kameswaran, 2005)], smell loss occurs, although the nerves to the brain and the brain itself may be totally intact. Indeed, without nasal mucus olfactory receptors undergo apoptosis such that the receptors become nonfunctional (Fig.…”

Section: The Anatomical Receptor Systems In Modern Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Factors in Olfaction

Henkin

2011

Handbook of Growth and Growth Monitoring in Health and Disease

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The olfactory system is comprised of three major components -receptors which detect and transduce odor information, neurons which transmit information to the brain, and brain where information is decoded and processed. Receptors are located at the apex of the human nasal cavity and are exposed to the outside world. Receptors evolved from a single cell organism whose first functional survival task involved maintaining neutral pH to control cellular homeostasis. This system was the first sense which evolved into what we now call olfaction. This initial task may have involved two interrelated components which acted at the apex, the leading edge of the single cellthe zinc metalloprotein carbonic anhydrase (CA) which was the sensory portion and a primitive form of myosin which was the motor portion. Since this primitive single cell lived in the dark, liquid primeval ooze, it initially obtained nutrition from chemical moieties in its surroundings and no vascular system was required. As cellular activity moved to land, the internal cellular structure became more complex. While the sensory detection process remained in the apical portion of the cell, the motor portion moved to the distal portion. With movement to land multiple cellular organisms developed. Chemical moieties previously impinging on the cell surface were replaced as cells became more complex with development of internal glandular secretions which contained and secreted those chemical moieties required to maintain and preserve these critical receptor systems. Secretions from these glands became what we now know as growth factors. Sensory perception became increasingly complex as cellular organisms became more complex but the initial CA sensory component was maintained phylogenetically. As this initial sensory system developed, it may have become the model for sensory perceptual components of other sensory systems including taste, vision, and audition with the developing CA mechanism acting as their initial sensory event. As receptors became more complex a systematic process may have developed to preserve and differentiate each sensory process but glandular secretions required to maintain each sensory system were maintained phylogenetically. For olfaction these secretions were synthesized mainly in nasal serous glands which acted on stem cells in the olfactory epithelium to preserve and maintain this system. These multiple secretions include trace metals and their associated metalloproteins, cyclic nucleotides, hormones, vitamins, neurotrophins, and cytokines which both stimulate (upregulate) and inhibit (downregulate) this initial receptor system to maintain its homeostatic integration in which blood vessels and lymphatics play no specific role. R.I. Henkin ( )

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Functional and morphological pathology of the nasal mucosa after x-ray irradiation

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance after radiotherapy for childhood head cancer

Impairment of nasal mucociliary clearance after radiotherapy for childhood head cancer

Postirradiation Sinus Mucosa Disease in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients

Growth Factors in Olfaction

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