Functional and Anatomical Significance of the Ectopic Inner Foveal Layers in Eyes With Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes

Abstract

The presence of EIFL should be considered a negative prognostic factor for postoperative anatomical and functional recovery.

Elevated M2 Macrophage Markers in Epiretinal Membranes With Ectopic Inner Foveal Layers

“…21 Other investigators have suggested that Muller cells are involved at the molecular level. 10 The analysis of vitreal cytokines in the current study revealed that CD163 and M-CSF were significantly higher in the EIFL group than they were in the non-EIFL group. Elevated M-CSF levels reflect macrophage differentiation.…”

“…[18][19][20] One of the most important recent findings associated with BCVA in ERM is EIFL. Govetto et al 8,10 demonstrated that the presence of EIFLs in ERMs is associated with significant vision loss in these eyes. It is also a negative prognostic factor for postoperative anatomic and functional recovery.…”

“…The EIFL was associated with significant vision loss. 9,10 Therefore, a novel SD-OCT-based grading scheme of ERMs, including this finding, was suggested. 8 The precise pathophysiology of ERM and EIFL is not completely understood.…”

The importance of different preoperative factors in the prognosis of functional results of uncomplicated surgery for idiopathic epimacular membranes

“…При этом величина эктопии внутренних слоев сетчатки рассчитывалась в микронах в центре фовеа по A. Govetto и соавт. [14,17] (рис. 1).…”

“…В литературе показана зависимость визуальных исходов хирургического лечения ЭММ от отдельных предоперационных факторов: длительности заболевания, деформации внутренних слоев сетчатки, кистозного макулярного отека (КМО), состояния наружных слоев сетчатки, остроты зрения (ОЗ). Однако эти работы, как правило, анализируют влияние лишь одного-двух предикторов на функциональный результат удаления ЭММ [9][10][11], носят ретроспективный характер [9,[12][13][14][15] или ограничиваются короткими (до 6 мес) сроками послеоперационного наблюдения [12,13,16].…”