Function and Morphology of the Meibomian Glands Using a LipiView Interferometer in Rotating Shift Medical Staff

Abstract

Purpose. To investigate the function and morphology of meibomian glands (MG) in night shift medical staff (MS). Methods. Sixty-two eyes of 31 patients in the MS group and 59 eyes of 31 patients in the control group were consecutively enrolled. All participants completed Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Standard Patient Dry Eye Evaluation (SPEED) questionnaires for dry eye severity, as well as Schirmer I and tear break-up time (TBUT) tests. LipiView® II Ocular Surface Interferometer was used for lipid layer thickness (LLT), MG dropout, and partial blink (PB) rate tests. MG expression was measured with an MG evaluator. Results. The OSDI score in the MS group was 22.39 ± 13.42, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (9.87 ± 6.64 Z = −3.997, P=0.001). The SPEED score in the MS group was 7.94 ± 3.81, which was significantly higher than in the control group (3.65 ± 2.11, Z = −4.766, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in Schirmer I test between the MS group and control group (Z = −1.346, P=0.178). TBUT in MS group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (Z = −5.201, P=0.001). The mean LLT of the MS group was 55.02 ± 21.17 nm significantly thinner than that of the control group 72.76 ± 21.62 nm (Z = −4.482, P=0.001). MG loss occurred in 45.16% of affected eyes in the MS group and 16.13% of affected eyes in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.352, P=0.001). MG yielding liquid secretion and MG yielding secretion score were significantly lower in the MS group than in the control group (Z = −3.641, P=0.001; Z = −3.146, P=0.001, resp.). There was a negative correlation between mean LLT and SPEED score (Spearman r = −0.363, P=0.045). Conclusions. Night shift MS had a higher incidence of MGD compared to day workers.

Orthokeratology Lens Wear for 2 Years in Children Did Not Alter Tear Film Lipid Thickness by Non-Invasive Interferometry

“…The sample size was estimated through PASS software (NCSS, LLC., USA) with LLT as the primary outcome under the power of the test (1–β) = 0.8 and significance level (α) = 0.05. The difference in LLT between the OOK and control groups was set to be significant at 10 ± 15 mm according to previous research ( 16 – 18 ). The 1:1 equal sample size design was used in this study, and the sample size for each group was calculated to be 37.…”

“…Despite several reports that explored the association between OOK and the structure and function of the meibomian gland in OOK-wears ( 12 , 13 ), these relationships remain controversial because lipid layer analysis was rarely performed and the effect of long term OOK has not been sufficiently evaluated. Recently, LipiView interferometry, which can accurately determine tear lipid layer thickness and rate of incomplete blinks, has become available ( 14 – 16 ). This offers an opportunity to re-evaluate the relationship between OOK and MGD, along with other tear film parameters.…”

Corneal Imaging Techniques for Dry Eye Disease

“…One of the devices that use LLI is LipiView II (Johnson & Johnson Vision), which measures the LLT between blinks and gives a numerical value in ICU units close to nanometers [64]. LipiView II also captures images of the lipid layer spread (LLS), which reflects how well the lipid layer covers and smooths out after each blink.…”

“…LipiView II also captures images of the lipid layer spread (LLS), which reflects how well the lipid layer covers and smooths out after each blink. A normal LLS is considered to be uniform and continuous [64,65]. Several studies have shown that LLI can be useful for assessing DED severity and treatment response.…”

Dry eye disease and tear film assessment through a novel non-invasive ocular surface analyzer: The OSA protocol

“…The non-invasive instruments that can perform the study of MG dysfunction are Keratograph 5M, OSA, IDRA, EasyTear Viewplus, LacryDiag and LipiView. The analysis of meibography with EasyTear Viewplus and LipiView (20,61,62) is carried out subjectively by comparing it with a scale. In LacryDiag, the analysis is semiautomatic.…”