Function and Clinical Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Melanoma

Richtig, Georg; Ehall, Barbara; Richtig, Erika; Aigelsreiter, Ariane; Gutschner, Tony; Pichler, Martin

doi:10.3390/ijms18040715

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…42 UV irradiation has been shown to affect the lncRNA expression profile in normal keratinocytes with a differential expression profile after exposure to UVA and UVB. 43,44 Although several lncRNAs have been characterized in melanoma, 45 the role of lncRNAs in keratinocyte cancers is poorly known. The function of lncRNA PICSAR in the progression of human cSCC has been previously identified and characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p53-Regulated Long Noncoding RNA PRECSIT Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via STAT3 Signaling

Piipponen

Nissinen

Riihilä

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Pathology

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. The role of lncRNA LINC00346 in cutaneous squamous carcinoma (cSCC) was examined. The expression of LINC00346 was up-regulated in cSCC cells compared with normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Elevated expression of LINC00346 was noted in tumor cells in cSCC tissue sections in vivo, as compared with cSCC in situ, and actinic keratosis by RNA in situ hybridization; and the expression in seborrheic keratosis and normal skin was very low. Immunohistochemical analysis of cSCC tissue sections and functional assays of cSCC cells in culture showed that LINC00346 expression is down-regulated by p53. Knockdown of LINC00346 inhibited invasion of cSCC cells in culture and suppressed growth of human cSCC xenografts in vivo. Knockdown of LINC00346 inhibited expression of activated STAT3 and resulted in down-regulation of the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, MMP-10, and MMP-13. Based on these observations LINC00346 was named p53 regulated carcinoma-associated STAT3-activating long intergenic non-protein coding transcript (PRECSIT). These results identify PRE-CSIT as a new p53-regulated lncRNA, which promotes progression of cSCC via STAT3 signaling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

p53-Regulated Long Noncoding RNA PRECSIT Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via STAT3 Signaling

Piipponen

Nissinen

Riihilä

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…Moreover, while miR-579-3p has been shown to be associated with the development of melanoma resistance (Fattore et al, 2016), miR-7, miR-34a, miR-100, and miR-125b have been demonstrated to reverse/restore melanoma resistance (Sun et al, 2016;Vergani et al, 2016) in targeted therapies via targeting distinct signaling pathways. Importantly, recent studies have implicated the functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in melanoma (Aftab et al, 2014;Richtig et al, 2017). Thus, future combinatorial approaches should focus on oncogenes that can be targeted by miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cancer detection and treatment, including melanoma.…”

Section: Mirna and Melanoma Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-Directed Cancer Therapies: Implications in Melanoma Intervention

Thyagarajan

Shaban

Sahu

2017

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Acquired tumor resistance to cancer therapies poses major challenges in the treatment of cancers including melanoma. Among several signaling pathways or factors that affect neocarcinogenesis, cancer progression, and therapies, altered microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has been identified as a crucial player in modulating the key pathways governing these events. While studies in the miRNA field have grown exponentially in the last decade, much remains to be discovered, particularly with respect to their roles in cancer therapies. Since immune and nonimmune signaling cascades prevail in cancers, identification and evaluation of miRNAs, their molecular mechanisms and cellular targets involved in the underlying development of cancers, and acquired therapeutic resistance would help in devising new strategies for the prognosis, treatment, and an early detection of recurrence. Importantly, in-depth validation of miRNA-targeted molecular events could lead to the development of accurate progression-risk biomarkers, improved effectiveness, and improved patient responses to standard therapies. The current review focuses on the roles of miRNAs with recent updates on regulated cell cycle and proliferation, immune responses, oncogenic/epigenetic signaling pathways, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis, with broader attention paid to melanomagenesis and melanoma therapies.

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“…In hepatocellular carcinoma, lncRNAs DANCR, Lalr1 and UFC1 are reported to regulate Wnt signaling to promote or inhibit cancer cell invasion, migration and metastasis, and lncRNAs UCA1 and lncSOX4 were demonstrated to promote cancer cell proliferation (6). In melanoma, lncRNAs Lime23, BANCR, ANRIL and UCA1 regulate cancer cell proliferation and growth, and lncRNAs GAS5, PRC2 and PAUPAR modulate cancer cell invasion, migration and metastasis (7). Previous studies have demonstrated that various lncRNAs, including CCAT1, H19, FEZF-1-AS1, MALAT1 and UCA1, enhance the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC cells (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long non-coding RNA TCF7 predicts the progression and facilitates the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer

2018

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Long non-coding RNA (lnc)TCF7 has been reported to promote the self‑renewal of human cancer stem cells, and enhance the aggressiveness of human non‑small cell lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, the effect of lncTCF7 on colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis and progression is currently unclear. In the present study, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that lncTCF7 expression was higher in CRC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and was significantly associated with tumor size, differentiation degree, tumor‑node‑metastasis grade, lymph node metastasis and invasion depth. In addition, lncTCF7 demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CRC, as determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Furthermore, lncTCF7 silencing in SW‑620 and HT29 CRC cell lines inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion of cells, as determined by Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays, propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry, wound healing assays and Transwell invasion assays, respectively; however, Annexin V/PI double staining and flow cytometry indicated that lncTCF7 silencing did not significantly affect the apoptosis of CRC cells. These results indicate that lncTCF7 may predict the progression, and promote the growth and metastasis, of CRC, and may therefore be a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC treatment.

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Function and Clinical Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Melanoma

Cited by 37 publications

References 131 publications

p53-Regulated Long Noncoding RNA PRECSIT Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via STAT3 Signaling

p53-Regulated Long Noncoding RNA PRECSIT Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via STAT3 Signaling

MicroRNA-Directed Cancer Therapies: Implications in Melanoma Intervention

Long non-coding RNA TCF7 predicts the progression and facilitates the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer

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