Fully-disposable multilayered phononic crystal liquid sensor with symmetry reduction and a resonant cavity

Abstract

. Fullydisposable multilayered phononic crystal liquid sensor with symmetry reduction and a resonant cavity. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 102, pp. 20-25. doi: 10.1016Confederation, 102, pp. 20-25. doi: 10. /j.measurement.2017 This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent b s t r a c tPhononic crystals are artificial structures with unique capabilities to control the transmission of acoustic waves. These novel periodic composite structures bring new possibilities for developing a fundamentally new sensor principle that combines features of both ultrasonic and resonant sensors. This paper reports the design, fabrication and evaluation of a phononic crystal sensor for biomedical applications, especially for its implementation in point of care testing technologies. The key feature of the sensor system is a fully-disposable multi-layered phononic crystal liquid sensor element with symmetry reduction and a resonant cavity. The phononic crystal structure consists of eleven layers with high acoustic impedance mismatch. A defect mode was utilized in order to generate a well-defined transmission peak inside the bandgap that can be used as a measure. The design of the structures has been optimized with simulations using a transmission line model. Experimental realizations were performed to evaluate the frequency response of the designed sensor using different liquid analytes. The frequency of the characteristic transmission peaks showed to be dependent on the properties of the analytes used in the experiments. Multi-layered phononic crystal sensors can be used in applications, like point of care testing, where the on-line measurement of small liquid samples is required.

Use of Transient Time Response as a Measure to Characterize Phononic Crystal Sensors

“…3 shows the frequency response of the sensor obtained using the transmission line model. This simulation method uses a lateral miniaturization of the structure [24] and has been widely used to simulate resonant structures and phononic crystal sensors showing accurate results despite the use of a 1D model [14,18,25]. …”

“…This type of layer arrangement facilitates the selective reflection of the waves and the generation of bandgaps and has been previously used to develop sensing applications. [11][12][13][14][15][16] In order to be able to use phononic crystals as sensors, specific transmission features need to be introduced into the frequency response of the system. Defect modes can be utilized for this purpose.…”

“…[17][18] Different sensing applications have been proposed using 1D phononic crystals. Some of the current measures used to characterize phononic crystal sensors are the frequency of maximum transmission, the peak amplitude, and the peak bandwidth [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Transmission in the Phononic Octagonal Lattice Made of an Amorphous Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 Alloy

“…One of the characteristic properties of phononic structure is the presence of phononic band gaps (PhBG) [1]. Materials with aperiodic structure are used for construction of the selective acoustic filters, sensors, or noise suppressor [2,3].…”

Bandgap engineering of three-dimensional phononic crystals in a simple cubic lattice

“…Only recent advances in additive manufacturing fully opened the third dimension, 26 printing polymer, ceramic, 27 or metal crystals 28 for, e.g., acoustic imaging, 29 vibration isolation, 30 or liquid sensing. 31 This has allowed ultra-wide phononic bandgap materials, 32,33 with previously unattainable bandwidths. 34 Most experimental works focus on one unit cell design and variations to characteristic dimensions.…”