Full Downwind Turbine Simulations Using Actuator Line Method

Matiz-Chicacausa, A.; López, Omar D.

doi:10.1155/2018/2536897

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Previous studies considered the variable loads of downwind turbines by tower shadow effects, demonstrating applications of the tower wake wind speed profile while ignoring the interaction between the rotor and the tower. Matiz-Chicacausa and Lopez [16] conducted the analysis of the tower shadow effects by the actuator line model, which showed good agreement with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Wang and Coton [17] developed a high-resolution tower shadow model, which showed good agreement with an experiment except for high angle of attack conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dynamic Stall Model for Tower Shadow Effects on Downwind Turbines and Its Scale Effects

Yoshida

2020

Energies

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A dynamic stall model for tower shadow effects is developed for downwind turbines. Although Munduate’s model shows good agreement with a 1.0 m wind tunnel test model, two problems exist: (1) it does not express load increase before the entrance of the tower wake, and (2) it uses the empirical tower wake model to determine the wind speed profile behind the tower. The present research solves these problems by combining Moriarty’s tower wake model and the entrance condition of the tower wake. Moriarty’s model does not require any empirical parameter other than tower drag coefficient and it expresses positive wind speed around the tower also. Positive wind speed change is also allowed as the tower wake entrance condition in addition to the negative change observed in the previous model. It demonstrates better agreement with a wind tunnel test and contributes to the accuracy of the fatigue load, as it expresses a slight increase in load around the entrance of the tower wake. Furthermore, the scale effects are also evaluated; lift deviation becomes smaller as the scale increases, i.e., lower rotor speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dynamic Stall Model for Tower Shadow Effects on Downwind Turbines and Its Scale Effects

Yoshida

2020

Energies

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“…There are studies regarding the variable loads of downwind turbines caused by tower shadow effects. Matiz-Chicacausa and Lopez [10] analyzed the tower shadow effects of downwind turbines using the actuator line model combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which showed good agreement with the experiment. Wang and Coton [11] developed a high-resolution tower shadow model for downwind turbines, which was in good agreement with the experiment, with…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…where e BZ is the unit vector along the blade axis, and ∆x TB is the vector from the blade section to the tower section, which consists of the distance ∆x TB and the unit vector e TB in Equation (10).…”

Section: Blade-induced Wind Speed and Pressure Around Towermentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Blade-Element Momentum—Lifting Line Model for Variable Loads on Downwind Turbine Towers

Yoshida

2018

Energies

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Downwind rotors are a promising concept for multi-megawatt scale large wind turbines due to their advantages in safety and cost reduction. However, they have risks from impulsive loads when one of the blades passes across the tower wake, where the wind speed is lower and locally turbulent. Although the tower shadow effects on the tower loads have been discussed in former studies, there is currently no appropriate model for the blade-element and momentum theory so far. This study formulates the tower shadow effects on the tower load variation induced by blades using the lifting line theory, which does not require any empirical parameters. The method is verified via computational fluid dynamics for a 2 MW(megawatt), 3-bladed downwind turbine. The amplitude and the phase of the variation are shown to be accurate in outboard sections, where the rotor-tower clearance is large (>3.0 times of the tower diameter) and the ratio of the blade chord length is small (<0.5 times of the tower diameter), in both of rated and cut-out conditions.

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“…Two commercial wind turbines were considered under offshore and onshore conditions, and good agreement was achieved in comparison with 3D URANS simulations. Matiz-Chicacausa and Lopez [11] investigated the NREL Phase VI in downwind configuration, focusing on the tower shadow effect. An OpenFOAM URANS solver was employed, and the turbine was simulated using both ALM modeling and the full 3D geometry, pointing out matching with measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of a Horizontal Wind Turbine under Yaw Conditions

Arabgolarcheh

Jannesarahmadi

Benini

et al. 2021

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Over recent years, considerable attention has been devoted to the optimization of energy production in wind farms, where yaw angles can play a significant role. In order to quantify and maximize such potential power, the simulation of wakes is vital. In the present study, an actuator line model code was implemented in the OpenFOAM flow solver. A tip treatment was applied to involve the tip effect induced by the pressure equalization from the suction and pressure sides. The Leishman–Beddoes dynamic stall (LB-DS) model modified by Sheng et al. was employed to consider the dynamic stall phenomenon. The developed ALM-CFD solver was validated for the NREL Phase VI wind turbine reference case. The solver was then used in simulating the yawed wind turbine, and power variation was compared with UBEM and CFD. Overall, according to the obtained data, the coupled solver compared well with CFD. There was an improvement in terms of prediction of the phase delay that is due to the dynamic stall. However, there was still negligible overestimation in deep stall conditions. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the reduction of power output follows a cosine to the power of X function of the yaw angle. In terms of visualizing wake, the results demonstrated that the current ALM code was satisfying enough to simulate skewed wake and vortices trajectory. The effect of advancing and retreating blade was captured. It was found that yaw led to the concentration of the induced velocity downstream, resulting in a lower velocity deficit on a broader area, which is essential for wind farm optimization.

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Full Downwind Turbine Simulations Using Actuator Line Method

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamic Stall Model for Tower Shadow Effects on Downwind Turbines and Its Scale Effects

Dynamic Stall Model for Tower Shadow Effects on Downwind Turbines and Its Scale Effects

Combined Blade-Element Momentum—Lifting Line Model for Variable Loads on Downwind Turbine Towers

Numerical Study of a Horizontal Wind Turbine under Yaw Conditions

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