“…The first stagepreparedness and planning -covered aspects related to stakeholder collaboration and cooperation (Çakar, 2018), crisis management plans and strategies (Agustan & Kausar, 2019;Chan, 2011;Orchiston & Higham, 2016), risk reduction related topics (Agustan & Kausar, 2019;Arce et al, 2017;Córdoba Azcárate, 2019;Qiu et al, 2020), and crisis learning (Orchiston & Higham, 2016). The last stage resolution and reflection -included topics related to lessons learned by organizations (Henderson, 1999;Ladkin et al, 2008;Tse et al, 2006), and knowledge management (Faisal et al, 2020a).…”