Fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition engine and potential strategies to extend the engine operating range: A comprehensive review

Bastawissi²,

elhamid³

et al. 2023

This study aims to investigate the use of waste cooking oil biodiesel blend (B30D70) in CDC mode and the use of different premixing ratios of diesel vapor (15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) through manifold injection at a manifold premixed temperature of 110 ⁰ C in PCCI mode when using biodiesel blend (B30D70) as the main fuel and diesel as the premixed fuel. The experiments were carried out on 4-stroke, single-cylinder, air cooled, DI diesel engine which was modified to run in PCCI mode with adding a fuel vaporizer to create the external homogeneous mixture. The engine combustion parameters, performance, and emissions characteristics were fully discussed, and the results were compared with these of CDC mode fueled by diesel. The obtained results for the use of B30D70 fuel indicates a certain decrement for exhaust gas temperature, HC, and CO emissions, but with a penalty in brake thermal efficiency, NOx, and smoke opacity. The experiments revealed that the best results were indicated for 20% diesel vapor in PCCI mode as CO, HC, NOx, and EGT reduced by 34.62%, 43.75%, 2.65% and 8.53% respectively and almost has the same BTE compared to CDC mode fueled by diesel. While increasing PR to 25% and 30% decrease the volumetric efficiency leads to rich mixture and deterioration of combustion and increase CO, HC and smoke emissions.

Section: Ltc Technology Includes Various Modes Like Homogeneous Charg...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Biodiesel Direct Injection and Diesel Fuel as Premixed Charge on CI-Engine Emissions, Performance, and Combustion Characteristics

Bastawissi²,

elhamid³

et al. 2023

“…The conversion process of CO to CO2 is limited by two factors: (1) low combustion temperatures. (2) The lack of oxygen in the reaction zone (over-rich mixtures). Owing to these reasons, the method to reduce Carbon monoxide can be achieved by increasing the quality of combustion to reach the suitable temperature of CO oxidation to CO2.…”

Section: Figure 1 Typical Heat Release Rate Diagram Identifying Diffe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ICEs are producing various emissions and greenhouse gases from fuel combustion [1]. The unburned hydrocarbon (HC), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), smoke opacity, and particulate matter (PM) are main constituents of the exhaust gas [2]. Owing to the high increase of these pollutants, a lot of strict regulations have been launched on the standard emissions released from engines to be acceptable thus oblige engine researchers worldwide to use alternative fuels, exhaust after-treatment devices, and develop clean technologies with lower fuel consumption [3].Compression ignition (CI) engines are the most appropriate device for power generation and transportation applications because of their reliability, durability, high combustion efficiency, and economics due to their high compression ratio and require lower maintenance than gasoline engines [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of the performance, combustion, and emissions characteristics of PCCI engine controlled by injection strategy and fuel properties

Bastawissi

elhamid

et al. 2022

As internal combustion engines (ICEs) produce serious emissions and a big part of greenhouse gases from fuel combustion. Due to the universal concerns about degradation in the ambient environment, limitations on exhaust emissions, depletion of petroleum reserves, and global warming, many strict regulations have been launched on the standard emissions released from engines. These challenges oblige engine researchers worldwide to develop a new strategic balance between engine performance and emissions. Premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) is a promising technique to overcome these challenges in recent years which can simultaneously reduce NOx and soot emissions and substantially improve thermal efficiency. The PCCI combustion concept has the advantages of both SI and CI engines, like SI engines as the charge is premixed which produces low emissions and like CI engines the fuel-air mixture is auto-ignited as a result of compression which leads to high thermal efficiency. Normally, PCCI combustion is a single-stage combustion process achieved by employing early injection timing to increase the time available for mixing fuel and air by using single-fuel and split fuel (pilot/main) injection tactics, in which a large fraction of fuel burns in premixed combustion phase resulting in relatively lower in-cylinder temperatures compared to compression ignition (CI) combustion. Thus, the objective of this paper is to provide an inclusive review of the effects of fuel injection timings, ratios, pressure, and fuel properties on the PCCI engine combustion performance improvement and emission reduction, this review has been analyzed extensively based on the published studies to provide and discuss different strategies for the control of PCCI technique of combustion at a wide range of speed and load.

“…The contribution of all these resources is important because of economic and environmental reasons and biodiesel could be one of the solutions. Biodiesel [21][22][23], which is extracted from the seeds of certain plants and food waste, is one of these sources [24][25][26]. Moreover, Scientists have recently considered extracting it from flaxseeds, palm oil, sunflower, soybean, corn seeds, and food waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles Additives for Diesel/Biodiesel Fuel Blends as a Performance and Emissions Enhancer in the Applications of Direct Injection Diesel Engines: A comparative Review

elhamid²,

Bastawissi³

et al. 2023

The shortage of fossil fuels is a significant political and economic issue that occurred due to global reliance on fossil fuels. The fuel characteristics of the produced diesel and biofuel (viscosity, density, cloud point, flash point, acid number, lower heating values, and pour point) are then determined. It is anticipated that using biofuel will result in higher fuel usage than using diesel fuel. This scenario also has an impact on the emissions. Biofuel has a higher density than diesel fuel, which has a detrimental impact on emissions and engine performance. It may be inferred that, while using the identical diesel engine for comparison, the effects of waste oil-derived biofuel are distinct from those of diesel fuel. Therefore, in order to achieve the best outcomes, it is crucial to develop new forms of biofuels. Nanomaterials (NMs), like copper oxides, titanium oxides, and aluminium oxides have been developed to be the most promising fuel additives for diesel engines in recent years. A significant amount of laboratory testing has been conducted up to this point to investigate the impact of using nano fuels on several aspects of diesel engine characteristics, particularly on hazardous emissions and engine performance (BSFC, effective power, BTE). This study provides an overview of the findings so far and the current situation regarding the use of nano fuels in diesel engines. Additionally, among the group of the most tested fuel additive nanoparticles, the best NMs/base fuel combinations are found based on two criteria that either involves all diesel engine parameters or simply diesel emissions. There are numerous techniques for improving engine performance. Nanoparticles can be used as catalysts in chemical reactions and feedstock retreatment processes to produce biofuels. According to the overall findings, adding nanoparticles significantly reduced the amount of fuel used for brakes by 20% to 23% when compared to biodiesel-diesel blends with and without the addition of alcohol. In addition to improving the combustion process and boosting the brake power by 2.5% to 4%, nanoparticles have a high thermal conductivity. Emission data revealed that while HC, CO, and PM emissions all dramatically decreased in most reviews, NO emissions increased by up to 55%.