Fucosterol Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and Promotes Type‐1 Procollagen Production in UVB‐induced HaCaT Cells

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages human skin and causes skin diseases such as epidermal hyperplasia, sunburn, inflammatory responses and photoaging. Photoaging is associated with upregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and downregulated collagen synthesis. Fucosterol, which is isolated from marine brown algae, has been reported to possess antioxidant and anticancer activities; however, its effects on photoaging are unknown. This study assessed the effects of fucosterol on photoaging and investigated its mechanisms of action in UV-irradiated immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay. Our results showed that fucosterol attenuated UV-induced MMP and inflammatory cytokine expression by deactivating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) induced by reactive oxygen species. Fucosterol also increased type-I procollagen and antioxidant enzyme expression. Taken together, fucosterol regulates the expression of MMPs and type-I procollagen in UV-irradiated HaCaT by modulating MAPK, suggesting it as a potential candidate for prevention and treatment of skin aging.

Catechol-based matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors with additional antioxidative activity

“…N-(4-diphenylmethyl)-Nmethyl-2,3-dibenzyloxybenzamide (26) was obtained through methylation of the sulfonamide nitrogen of the dibenzylate intermediate (25).…”

“…Natural compounds derived from green tea (EGCG), mainly known for their antioxidant properties, have shown relevance when applied on wrinkles or fine lines caused by aging, due to their ability to enhance collagen levels and to inhibit MMPs 24 . Many other natural compounds, such as phytosterol, fucosterol, resveratrol, soy isoflavones, alphatocopherol, and vitamin E and C, are also able to inhibit MMPs and ROS and reduce the degradation of skin [25][26][27][28] . Some MMPIs have been studied in topical cosmetic compositions to counteract the effect of photo and chronological skin aging.…”

Stereoselective suppressive effects of protopanaxadiol epimers on UV-B-induced reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human dermal keratinocytes

“…Skin photoaging is associated with deterioration of the dermal ECM owing to increased MMP expression and decreased collagen synthesis under oxidative+ stress (Chae et al 2011;Kim et al 2013). Collagen degradation, considered as a cause of aging in both naturally aged and photoaged skin, is related to the induction of MMPs that are secreted from epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts (Lee et al 2009).…”

Suppressive properties of ginsenoside Rb2, a protopanaxadiol-type ginseng saponin, on reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in UV-B-irradiated human dermal keratinocytes

“…30) Skin photoaging is associated with deterioration of the dermal extracellular matrix due to increased MMP expression and decreased collagen synthesis under oxidative stress. 31,32) UV radiation also induces expression and secretion of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 in the epidermis and dermis, which contribute to skin damage and photoaging. 33,34) Collagen degradation, considered as a cause of aging in both naturally aged and photoaged skin, is related to the induction of MMPs which are secreted from epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts.…”