Fucoidan (Undaria pinnatifida)/Polydopamine Composite-Modified Surface Promotes Osteogenic Potential of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Abstract

Fucoidan, a marine-sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae, has been recently spotlighted as a natural biomaterial for use in bone formation and regeneration. Current research explores the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of fucoidan-based composites for bone tissue engineering applications. The utility of fucoidan in a bone tissue regeneration environment necessitates a better understanding of how fucoidan regulates osteogenic processes at the molecular level. Therefore, this study designed a fucoidan and polydopamine (PDA) composite-based film for use in a culture platform for periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and explored the prominent molecular pathways induced during osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through transcriptome profiling. Characterization of the fucoidan/PDA-coated culture polystyrene surface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The osteogenic differentiation of the PDLSCs cultured on the fucoidan/PDA composite was examined through alkaline phosphatase activity, intracellular calcium levels, matrix mineralization assay, and analysis of the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic markers. RNA sequencing was performed to identify significantly enriched and associated molecular networks. The culture of PDLSCs on the fucoidan/PDA composite demonstrated higher osteogenic potency than that on the control surface. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (n = 348) were identified during fucoidan/PDA-induced osteogenic differentiation by RNA sequencing. The signaling pathways enriched in the DEGs include regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and Ras-related protein 1 and phosphatidylinositol signaling. These pathways represent cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization functions that are significantly involved in the osteogenic process. These results suggest that a fucoidan/PDA composite promotes the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs by activation of critical molecular pathways.

Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic vLMW Fucoidan Formulas Decrease PD-L1 Surface Expression in EBV Latency III and DLBCL Tumoral B-Cells by Decreasing Actin Network

“…This is also supported by decrease in LAMP2 membrane expression, particularly after treatment with vLMW-F, which has been correlated with vesicles secretory activity of cells. Data in the literature confirm some links between fucoidan and actin pathway, such as decrease in expression of genes implicated in polymerization, organization and stabilization [ 57 ] or disruption of F-actin stress fibers [ 58 , 59 ]. In this context and as a first hypothesis, the difference between native and vLMW forms might be explained by variation in the internalized amount of the different species, especially for their molecular weight differences.…”

Translating proteome and transcriptome dynamics of periodontal ligament stem cell-derived secretome/conditioned medium in an in vitro model of periodontitis

“…Another important signaling pathway influenced by PDLSC-CM involves the actin cytoskeleton, which generally influences diverse cellular functions, including communication with the ECM [ 50 , 51 ]. Our previous study suggested that actin cytoskeleton dynamics are among the key signaling pathways involved in enhancing the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs [ 24 ]. Several studies have also reported the significant impact of the mechanisms of the actin cytoskeleton in the osteogenic commitment of MSCs and osteogenic cells [ 52 , 53 ].…”

“…RNA sequencing was performed as described previously [ 24 ]. In brief, total RNA was extracted from PDLSCs cultured under different conditions, and the 500 ng of total RNA was prepared.…”

Nanomaterials Modulating the Fate of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involved in Oral Tissue Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

“… Hagar MN et al/2021 44 PDLSC Osteogenic differentiation Activation of the autophagy pathway by up-regulation of β-microtubulin III and down-regulation of chelator 1 / p62 thereby enhancing osteogenesis in PDLSCs slices Zhang Y et al/2021 45 PDLSC Neurogenic differentiation It can differentiate into neurogenic cells and recruit endogenous neural stem cells at the injury site. Mohebichamkhorami F et al/2022 46 PDLSC Osteogenic differentiation Receiving osteogenic induction by affecting the KEGG pathway Kwack KH et al/2022 47 SCAP Osteogenic differentiation Berberine (BBR) stimulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and induces osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs. Cui Y et al/2020 48 SCAP Neurogenic and vasculogenic differentiation Further evidence of the potential for neural differentiation and angiogenic differentiation of SCAPs through induction of biological potential Liu J et al/2022 49 DFSC Osteogenic differentiation Co-culture of HUVECs with DFSCs revealed that their secreted angiogenic factors stimulated osteogenic differentiation of DFSCs Bok JS et al /2018 50 …”