FT Raman spectroscopy in the evaluation of biomarkers of normal and pathological placenta tissue

Abstract

The basic precondition of proper intrauterine growth is appropriate supply of nutrients transported through placenta. Placenta capacity in the scope of transportation is dependent on transport systems and the structure of the basement membrane and syncytiotrophoblast microvillous membrane. The present pilot study demonstrates preliminary results of the analysis of placenta structure in the course of selected pathologies by FT Raman spectroscopy analysis. The observed changes of the molecular structure in the so-called average spectra, independent of methodical processing, may be an indicator of the efficiency of transportation controlled by syncytiotrophoblast. In particular, an increase in the intensity of dispersion and transfer within the frequency of 3425–3300 cm −1 demonstrate the dynamics of the interaction in the scope of hydrogen bonds in healthy tissues. Changes in the molecular structure within the frequency of 950–750 cm −1 and conformational changes within disulphide bonds differentiate the healthy tissue from the pathological one. Changes in the molecular structure observed in the FTR spectra are a spectroscopic image of placenta functions in the course of various pathologies. They also document a complex goal of our research that is finding spectroscopic biomarkers of regular and pathological placental tissue.

Graphene Oxide as a Collagen Modifier of Amniotic Membrane and Burnt Skin

“…Earlier SAXS measurements, 47,61 revealed great impact of both AA and orthosilicic acid on the behavior of lamellar phases in SC lipids. These observations testify to the structural diversity of tissue observed repeatedly at the molecular and supramolecular levels, both for samples of epidermis degraded in burns 47,48,53,59 and placental 60 or amniotic tissue. 26 Positions of the amide I-III bands for the OH1 amniotic sample, clearly different from other amniotic samples, constitute the evidence of structural diversity within a homogeneous pathology, ie, hypotrophy.…”

“…A detailed comparative analysis of thermally degraded human and animal epidermis samples 57,58 also informs us that progressive thermal denaturation of samples results in flattening of the 1,750 cm −1 band, which may indicate complete elimination of the natural lipid barrier of the epidermis. In FTIR and FTR studies of the molecular structure of the epidermis, distinct lipid bands (1,730-1,-755 cm −1 ) have been repeatedly noted 59,60 for denaturated burnt epidermis and an absence of these bands for undamaged allogenic dermis (Figure 1). For the 21S GO samples in the FTIR and FTR spectra (Figure 1) of degraded and modified GO epidermis, the presence of a wide lipid band was observed in the area of 1,790-1,730 cm −1 and a lack of this band for integral, undamaged dermis (SP).…”

New Frontiers in Placenta Tissue Imaging

“…Thus far these studies have been largely restricted to ex vivo studies. Pielesz et al 1 tested the application of Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy to identify spectroscopic biomarkers or specific frequency ranges that may accurately indicate the transport efficiency governed by syncytiotrophoblast. The most notable region observed was the 950-750 cm -1 frequency range, which represented changes in molecular structure to differentiate healthy from pathological tissue.…”

“…Herein, the authors discuss imaging modalities that can be used to generate insight into anatomical structure, vascular physiology, and metabolism of the placenta (Figure 1). [1][2][3][4][5] For example, multiple modalities are now available that can be used to study placental blood flow, maternal-placental and fetoplacental vasculature, placental microcirculation, the spatial pattern of fetoplacental density, placental sufficiency, intrauterine hypoxia, placental oxygenation, and haemoglobin oxygenation in normal and pathological conditions. Additionally, the increased value and analytic depth of multiparametric three-dimensional (3D) computational image analysis methods that accompany these imaging modalities are discussed in detail.…”

“…Figure1: Examples of imaging modalities that can be used to generate insight into anatomical structure, vascular, and metabolic function of the placenta [1][2][3][4][5]. …”