FT-IR Analysis of Structural Changes in Ketoprofen Lysine Salt and KiOil Caused by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

Abstract

High-intensity, low-frequency magnetic fields (MFs) have been widely used in the treatment of diseases and in drug delivery, even though they could induce structural changes in pharmacological molecules. Morphological changes in ketoprofen and KiOil were investigated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Unsupervised principal component analysis was carried out for data clustering. Clinical validation on 22 patients with lower back pain was managed using diamagnetic therapy plus topical ketoprofen or KiOil. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Short-Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) were used to evaluate clinical and functional response. Ketoprofen showed clear clustering among samples exposed to MF (4000–650 cm−1), and in the narrow frequency band (1675–1475 cm−1), results evidenced structural changes which involved other excipients than ketoprofen. KiOil has evidenced structural modifications in the subcomponents of the formulation. Clinical treatment with ketoprofen showed an average NRS of 7.77 ± 2.25 before and an average NRS of 2.45 ± 2.38 after MF treatment. There was a statistically significant reduction in NRS (p = 0.003) and in SF-36 (p < 0.005). Patients treated with KiOil showed an average NRS of 7.59 ± 2.49 before treatment and an average NRS of 1.90 ± 2.26 after treatment (p < 0.005). SF-36 showed statistical significance for all items except limitations due to emotional problems. A high-intensity pulsed magnetic field is an adjunct to topical treatment in patients with localized pain, and the effect of MF does not evidence significant effects on the molecules.

The Pharmacological Treatment of Chronic Pain: From Guidelines to Daily Clinical Practice

“…The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched for articles published until 10 January 2023, in agreement with our recent papers [55,57,[85][86][87][88]. The secondary search included articles cited in the reference lists of papers identified with the primary search.…”

1D and 2D Coordination Polymers of Calcium with Nonsteroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drugs: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Hirshfeld Surfaces, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

“…[39] Ketoprofen is an oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid bonded with 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. [40] Transition metal complexes including either Hind or Hket have been extensively reported as yet. In particular, crystal structures of Co, [41,42] Cu, [43][44][45][46] Ni, [43,47] Cd, [48] Mn, [49,50] Pt, [51] Sn, [52] and Zn [53][54][55] complexes with indomethacin are known.…”

“…The former is derivative of the indole‐3‐acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p‐chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively [39] . Ketoprofen is an oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid bonded with 3‐benzoylphenyl group at position 2 [40] . Transition metal complexes including either Hind or Hket have been extensively reported as yet.…”

A Multiple Synergic Treatment for Non-Healing Ulcer Management in a Patient with Klippel–Trenaunay Syndrome

“…In patients with skin wounds, a treatment with tissue debridement, topical antimicrobial, and compression was proposed [10][11][12]; however, a non-pharmacological treatment with diamagnetic therapy can also be used [13] due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oedema, and neuroprotective effect [14,15]. Another opportunity for skin wound treatment is oxygen-ozone therapy.…”