Fruit tree phenology in traditionally managed versus protected forests in Malaysian Borneo

Cosby, Olivia G.; Bodos, Vilma; Ragai, Roslina; Deelen, Timothy R. Van; McShea, William J.

doi:10.1111/btp.13083

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…In some cases, traditional human harvest behavior may shape evolutionary, demographic or spatial characteristics of populations (Herrmann, 2005(Herrmann, , 2006Cosby et al, 2022). In Chile and Argentina, monkey puzzle trees (Aruacaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch), a threatened species of conifer, are an important food source for Mapuche people, supplying nutritious nuts, called piñones.…”

Section: Harvest Practices and Single Species Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into US public land management: Knowledge gaps and research priorities

2023

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Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) is an understanding of natural systems acquired through long-term human interactions with particular landscapes. Traditional knowledge systems complement western scientific disciplines by providing a holistic assessment of ecosystem dynamics and extending the time horizon of ecological observations. Integration of TEK into land management is a key priority of numerous groups, including the United Nations and US public land management agencies; however, TEK principles have rarely been enshrined in national-level US policy or planning. We review over 20 years of TEK literature to describe key applications of TEK to ecological understanding, conservation, restoration and land management generally. By identifying knowledge gaps, we highlight research avenues to support the integration of TEK into US public land management, in order to enhance conservation approaches and participation of historically underrepresented groups, particularly American Indian Tribes, in the stewardship of ancestral lands critical to the practice of living cultural traditions.

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Section: Harvest Practices and Single Species Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into US public land management: Knowledge gaps and research priorities

2023

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“…Over time, these practices result in increased landscape heterogeneity, where cultivated fields become interspersed with secondary forests at varying stages of succession, and forest gardens incorporate both naturally dispersed and planted fruits and vegetables (Mertz et al, 2013; Takeuchi et al, 2013; Wangpakapattanawong et al, 2010). Consequently, CFs can have more consistently available foods during intramasting periods (Cosby et al, 2022; Moore et al, 2016). Unfortunately, foraging near human settlements often means greater risk of hunting mortality (Gray et al, 2017; Hale & Swearer, 2016; Marchal & Hill, 2009; Scotson et al, 2014; Tilker et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas, during high fruit production (e.g., rainy season, SMF year) we hypothesized that foraging would likely be more dispersed to mitigate hunting risk. Iban traditional forest management practices result in a mixeduse mosaic habitat of hill rice clearings, pepper, fruit gardens, rubber plantations, and secondary forests at varying stages of maturity (Cosby et al, 2022;Ichikawa, 2004). This mosaic is intermixed with primary forest remnants, commonly referred to as pulau, which are occasionally selectively logged but not cleared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Iban pulau within the CF and PF have similar composition of tree species and synchrony of fruiting, predominately lowland to submontane mixed dipterocarp forest (Table S1, Figure S1a) (Cosby et al, 2022). By contrast, within the CF mixed-usemosaic availability of fruits and seeds is more consistent regardless of annual seasonality (Table S2, Figure S1b), in part due to presence of Bellucia pentamera, a small invasive tree, which produces large fleshy berries on a continuous cycle (Table S3) (Cosby et al, 2022;Dillis et al, 2017). Cultivated fruit trees (e.g., Baccaurea, Nephelium, Artocarpus, and Castanopsis) or trees that benefit from canopy gaps (e.g., Lithocarpus) (Fukushima et al, 2008), that both fruit on a consistent basis and attract wildlife, are also more abundant near longhouses (Figure S2) (Cosby et al, 2022;Fukushima et al, 2008;Kaul et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal shifts in large mammal activity relative to fruit availability and hunting risk along a protected area boundary in Borneo

Cosby

Giman²,

Ragai

et al. 2023

Biotropica

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Understanding wildlife spatiotemporal dynamics at protected area boundaries is critical to conservation. In SE Asia, protected areas are often bordered by indigenous communities whose traditional practices result in increased landscape heterogeneity within their community managed forests (CF). Because SE Asian forests exhibit supra-annual mast fruiting (3-7 yrs) and sustained fruit scarcity, wildlife using CF may benefit from greater availability of fruits and seeds encouraged by traditional management, but incur greater risk of being hunted. We examined shifts in wildlife activity in forests within and adjacent to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary (LEWS), in Sarawak, Malaysia. Using camera traps and surveys of fruiting phenology, we related presence of fruits and seeds to shifts in large mammal activity over 3 years (October 2016(October -2019. We first compared relative frequency of five focal species (sun bear, bearded pig, muntjac, mouse deer, and sambar) by forest type for a given survey year and season (rainy vs. dry). We then modeled activity to assess how fruit availability, landscape features, and proxies for hunting risk, influence seasonal shifts in habitat use. Our results suggested seasonal variation in concert with increased landscape heterogeneity influenced patterns of activity. We found no evidence that CF excluded any detected mammal species, suggesting CF contribute important habitat to wildlife, particularly during periods of fruit scarcity in primary forest. However, our findings also imply increased hunting risk for wildlife attracted to resources near human settlements, emphasizing the need to consider the influence of both annual and supraannual seasonality when developing best practices for the sustainable management.

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The structure of terrestrial mammal communities along an elevation gradient in the tropics.

McShea,

Cosby,

Boyce

et al. 2024

Journal of Mammalogy

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The correlates of mammal species richness and community associations along elevation gradients have resulted in conflicting results within tropical systems. We surveyed the terrestrial mammal and gallinaceous bird community (>200 g body size) along transects at 4 mountain sites in Malaysian Borneo using camera traps to assess structuring of the mammal community along the elevation gradient. Between 2015 and 2021, we surveyed Bukit Lanjak (elevation 1,300 m) in Sarawak (Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary; LEWS) and Mts. Kinabalu, Tambuyukon, and Magdalena (up to 2,400 m) in Sabah, with a total sample effort of 20,600 camera nights. We detected 48 species of mammals and 9 species of large terrestrial birds. There was mostly a common species pool across the sites, with only 9 species detected solely in LEWS and 5 species only in Sabah. Over our limited elevation range, no species were detected across the entire elevation range and no common species were confined to the highest elevation sites in Sabah or LEWS (>1,000 m). A species richness curve for each location indicated a slight peak at ~1,000 m for LEWS, but the mid-elevation peak was not evident at Sabah. The individual response curves of relative abundance to the elevation gradient for 15 species with sufficient detections were similar across sites (1 exception—Malaysian Porcupine) with 6 species showing no correlation with elevation, while 4 species increased and 4 species decreased in detections with elevation. A multivariate analysis of species detections found herbivores at lower elevations and mesocarnivores at higher elevations, while species of the same foraging guilds differed in body size at the same elevation. As opposed to studies focused on smaller vertebrate species (i.e., rodents, songbirds), larger mammal and terrestrial bird communities in these mountains did not form unique communities along the elevation gradient but did structure according to the functional traits of foraging guilds and body size.

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Fruit tree phenology in traditionally managed versus protected forests in Malaysian Borneo

Cited by 3 publications

References 86 publications

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into US public land management: Knowledge gaps and research priorities

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into US public land management: Knowledge gaps and research priorities

Seasonal shifts in large mammal activity relative to fruit availability and hunting risk along a protected area boundary in Borneo

The structure of terrestrial mammal communities along an elevation gradient in the tropics.

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