Fruit Set Responses to Changes in Floral Bud Load - A New Concept for Crop Load Regulation

Tustin, D.S.; Dayatilake, G.A.; Breen, K.C.; Oliver, M.J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.932.28

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…However, in the current experiment, neither blossom thinning Table 1. Pairwise correlations between shoot length and other variables studied of 'Golden Delicious'/M.9 trees trained to Vertical Axis system in the seventh and eighth year after planting ); v11: titratable acidity (%); v12: fruit weight (g); v13: fruit skin colour (b* value); v14: pH nor artificial extinction (Lauri et al, 1995;Tustin et al, 2012;Atay and Lauri, 2013) carried out, and fruit thinning by hand was applied after the physiological drop. At this stage of fruit development (i.e.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

Atay

2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Knowledge of the growth dynamics of young and mature trees contributes to development of efficient orchard management practices. In this experiment, the aim was to provide apple growers with practical information on how vegetative growth (at both shoot and whole-tree level), yield and fruit quality change during the transition period, from young to mature trees. The experiment orchard was planted at 3.5 m × 1 m inter-row and intra-row spacings, respectively, with 'Golden Delicious'/M.9 trees. Trees were trained since planting as modified vertical axis. Vegetative growth at shoot level reacted differently to yield load than that at the whole-tree level. The yield, yield efficiency and annual canopy volume increase and decrease (a vegetative growth indicator at the whole-tree level) showed a positive correlation with shoot length. TCSA (annual increase and actual TCSA), as another vegetative growth indicator at whole-tree level in the experiment, correlated negatively with shoot length. The yield varied biennially and, was greatest in the seventh year after planting (21.76±8.46 kg tree -1 , corresponding to an orchard yield of ~62 t ha -1 ) that is an acceptable tonnage in the region of the experiment. To maintain the balance between vegetative growth and fruiting, orchard management practices should be conducted considering yield. No pruning or light pruning is recommended in the 'off-year' of biennial cycle of fruiting as a result of this study.

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Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regular bearing trait of 'plastic' cultivars (e.g. 'Golden Delicious' and 'Gala') can be improved by sophisticated pruning techniques such as artificial extinction (Lauri et al, 1995;Tustin et al, 2012), which is less efficient for 'non-plastic' cultivars (e.g. 'Fuji') (Lauri and Corelli-Grappadelli, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

Atay

2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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“…On the other hand, the highest yield efficiency resulted in the highest productivity for the apple trees in the third leafy year, but did not for those in the fourth leafy year. Lauri et al (2007) reported that crop regulation could be obtained through appropriate artificial removal of flower clusters or fruitlets, and Tustin et al (2012) indicated that extremely high productivity may decrease flower bud load in the next growth season for apple trees. In the current study, we found that the apple trees with excessively high yield efficiency did not maintain high productivity in the following cropping season (Table 4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers have attempted to identify the factor that is critical for success in producing large fruit with good characteristics. To obtain large fruit, some researchers have controlled vigor balance (Inglese et al, 2002) and others have adjusted crop load (Choi et al, 2009;Dennis, 2000;Johnson and Handley, 1989;Lauri et al, 2007;Marini and Sowers, 1994;Naor et al, 1999;Tustin et al, 2012;Yim, 2005). Researchers reported that fruit trees with appropriate crop load produced fruit with high TSS (Cho and Yoon, 2006;Fallahi and Simons, 1996;Mohamed et al, 2001;Wünsche et al, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The two cultivation practices brought about significant differences in fruit weight by vigor balance and crop load in 'Hongro', fruit diameter by crop load in 'Hongro', and TSS by crop load in 'Fuji', but they failed to exhibit a consistent tendency. In previous studies, some researchers controlled fruit size using crop load adjustment (Lauri et al, 2007;Tustin et al, 2012;Yim, 2005), but others regulated fruit characteristics using vigor balance control for an even partition of dry matter (Costes et al, 2006;Koike et al, 1990). Koike and Ono (1998) stressed the leaf activity for fruit development because the composition of fruit flesh was largely affected by the assimilation of adjacent leaves.…”

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Crop Load Adjustment Based on Branch Vigor for Producing Uniform Fruit in Young Apple Trees

Lee

et al. 2015

Hortic J

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A series of investigations were conducted to identify an efficient cultivation method for producing uniform fruit in young 'Hongro' and 'Fuji' apple trees through vigor balance control and crop load adjustment at commercial orchards in Pocheon, South Korea, for two consecutive growth seasons (the third and fourth leafy years), namely, the years 2012 and 2013. There was a highly significant correlation between the cross-sectional area of the main stem (the trunk) and those of all the branches emerging from the main stem, with coefficients of 0.857** (P < 0.001) in 'Hongro' and 0.699** (P < 0.001) in 'Fuji'. The vigor balance, defined as the ratio of branches to the main stem, was the most densely distributed in the range of 3.0 to 3.5 for diameter and around 1.2 for cross-sectional area in both varieties. The present study evaluated the level of crop load by measuring flower cluster density, crop density, and yield efficiency, and found the most densely distributed range was lower than the mean value. The apple trees showed higher productivity with a vigor balance of 1.1 to 1.3 in both varieties, but showed lower productivity with a vigor balance above 1.3 in 'Hongro' and below 1.1 in 'Fuji' trees in the third and fourth leafy years. Upon adjusting crop load by yield efficiency, the present study obtained higher productivity with a higher degree of yield efficiency in the two consecutive years. However, fruit size and other characteristics demonstrated little change by vigor balance control and crop load adjustment. The uniformity of fruit size and other characteristics was improved by the individual or combined application of vigor balance (from 1.1 to 1.3 in both varieties) and crop load adjustment (from 0.9 to 1.3 kg per cm 2 TCA in 'Hongro' and from 0.7 to 1.1 kg per cm 2 TCA in 'Fuji'). Notably, the uniformity of fruit size and total soluble solids was efficiently improved by the application of crop load adjustment and vigor balance control, respectively.

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Apple Crop Load Management with Special Focus on Early Thinning Strategies

Kon

Schupp

2018

Horticultural Reviews

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Fruit Set Responses to Changes in Floral Bud Load - A New Concept for Crop Load Regulation

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

Crop Load Adjustment Based on Branch Vigor for Producing Uniform Fruit in Young Apple Trees

Apple Crop Load Management with Special Focus on Early Thinning Strategies

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