Fructooligosaccharides production from agro-wastes as alternative low-cost source

Abstract

Background: The prebiotic properties of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are well documented. The high demand of functional food by the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries have lead researchers to explore new and more feasible processes to produce FOS. Not only economical substrates are being exploited to reduce costs, but also, seeking to attend a global problem, the excessive generation of agro-industrial wastes that are polluting the earth, which are not being completely exploited, have been a concern. Scope and approach: The purpose of this review is to present a concise (but wide-ranging) appraisal on the latest advances in fructooligosaccharides production from agro-wastes, as alternative low-cost source. Emphasis is placed on the examination, analysis and discussion of the prospects for using different agro-industrial waste bioresources for the production of FOS and FOS-producing enzymes. Key findings and conclusions: The food, agro-industrial and forestry industries generate large volumes of waste, that are mainly composed of complex carbohydrates and crude proteins, that can be useful as nutrients for microbial growth, and enzymes or other metabolites production. Agro-industrial wastes are discarded, and its accumulation generates a severe environmental impact. The development of value-added processes using agroindustrial wastes is very attractive and becomes an environmentally friendly waste management method.

Supercritical CO2 Processing of a Functional Beverage Containing Apple Juice and Aqueous Extract of Pfaffia glomerata Roots: Fructooligosaccharides Chemical Stability after Non-Thermal and Thermal Treatments

“…Generally, these oligosaccharides present a degree of polymerization, varying from three to nine fructose molecules [ 7 ]. They are widely distributed in a variety of plants as a storage carbohydrate [ 8 ]. Several products have been enriched with these prebiotic compounds to increase their functionality like semi-hard cheese [ 9 ], fermented sausages [ 10 ], Greek yogurt [ 11 ], fruit juices [ 12 ], infant formulas [ 13 ], and many others.…”

Plant Prebiotics and Their Role in the Amelioration of Diseases

“…FOS are also proclaimed to be a significant class of bifidogenic oligosaccharides owing to their high production volume [ 49 ]. Different pharmaceutical industries have raised their FOS production through zero-waste production, as the waste feedstock is converted into a nutraceutical product due to its prebiotic nature [ 50 ]. Oligosaccharide fructans are employed as an alternative sweetener [ 35 ].…”

Fruits By-Products – A Source of Valuable Active Principles. A Short Review

“…Due to rich composition in sucrose, inulin, maltose, glucose, fructose, starch, galactose, dextrose or lactose, fruits waste can be used as substrate for production of oligosaccharides or microbial polymers (Singh et al, 2019). Conventionally, polysaccharides are produced using sucrose as substrate, and enzymes such as β-fructofuranosidase and fructosyltransferase (de la Rosa et al, 2019). However, nowadays, more profitable processes involve fruits by-products and microorganisms such as Aspergillus versicolor (Dapper et al, 2016) or Aspergillus flavus (Ganaie et al, 2017).…”