Frozen embryo transfer: a review on the optimal endometrial preparation and timing

Mackens, Shari; Santos‐Ribeiro, Samuel; Vijver, Arne van de; Racca, A.; Landuyt, L. Van; Tournaye, Herman; Blockeel, C

doi:10.1093/humrep/dex285

Cited by 249 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Following this from day 14 onwards, an oral contraceptive pill was also added (also containing additional synthetic progestogen) and day‐5 blastocyst transfer was scheduled four days later on day 18. This is in line with the established recommendation of transferring blastocysts after 4 to 5 full days of natural progesterone supplementation . Although the addition of a contraceptive pill might seem unorthodox, it could be also beneficial by avoiding escape ovulations which are thought to occur in 1.9%‐7.4% of supplemented cycles without pituitary suppression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Frozen embryo replacement (FER) cycles are on the increase worldwide due to the introduction of more efficient cryopreservation methods, the push toward an elective single embryo transfer (SET) policy, as well as the spread of segmented IVF cycles in cases of premature progesterone elevation, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), or the recently advocated “freeze‐all” strategy. In Japan, these trends are particularly strong, and according to a national IVF registry, in 2015, frozen‐thawed cycles constituted approximately 70% of fresh treatments, whereas single embryo transfer was the highest in the world at 80%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplemented estrogen/progesterone‐based protocols are convenient because they require minimal monitoring and could be easily scheduled. However, compared to natural cycles, they are associated with an increased medication cost, potential side effects, and inconveniences of vaginal or intramuscular administration . Therefore, less‐investigated synthetic progestogens (especially dydrogesterone) could become a very useful alternative to the more widely used natural progesterone preparations, and they could also allow the precise monitoring of endogenous placental activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous progesterone levels could predict reproductive outcome in frozen embryo replacement cycles supplemented with synthetic progestogens: A retrospective cohort study

Kawachiya

Bodri²,

Hirosawa³

et al. 2018

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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PurposeA retrospective, cohort study was conducted between 2009 and 2017 in a private infertility center to determine the predictive value of endogenous estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels in hormone‐replacement frozen embryo replacement (FER) treatment cycles.MethodsA total of 120 consecutive, infertile patients who became pregnant after FER cycles were analyzed (age: 37.4 ± 4.4 years). Electively vitrified blastocysts were created during natural cycle IVF or mild ovarian stimulation treatments and subsequently transferred through delayed vitrified‐thawed blastocyst transfer cycles supplemented with estrogens and a combination of synthetic progestogens. Serum E2 and progesterone P4 levels were intensively monitored every five days (from the day after embryo transfer until 9w1d of pregnancy) and compared among patients with a subsequent live birth (n = 76) or first‐trimester pregnancy loss (n = 44).ResultsEndogenous placental activity started as early as 5‐6th pregnancy week differing significantly according to pregnancy outcome. For P4, the exponential rise from 6w2d onwards allowed distinguishing between failing and successful conceptions. For P4, lower quartiles of the live birth group did not intersect with upper quartiles of the miscarriage group.ConclusionsInnovative FER protocols incorporating synthetic progestogens allow the correct measurement of endogenous placental activity and could help to monitor early first‐trimester ART pregnancies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endogenous progesterone levels could predict reproductive outcome in frozen embryo replacement cycles supplemented with synthetic progestogens: A retrospective cohort study

Kawachiya

Bodri²,

Hirosawa³

et al. 2018

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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“…Frozen ET, following warming of vitrified embryos, was performed either in a natural cycle, with or without hCG triggering, or in an artificial cycle, as previously described elsewhere (19). The decision regarding the type of preparation for the frozen ET cycle was made by the physician, based on the menstrual cycle pattern of the patient.…”

Section: Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity Among Poor Ovarian Responders According to Bologna Criteria Results in Diverging Cumulative Live Birth Rates

et al. 2020

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Research Question: Does reproductive outcome differ among the various subgroups of poor ovarian responders according to the Bologna criteria?Design: This was a retrospective, cohort study including poor ovarian responders according to Bologna criteria, undergoing an ICSI cycle from January 2011 until December 2017. Patients were divided into four groups: (1) age ≥ 40 years and abnormal ovarian response test, (2) age ≥ 40 years, abnormal ovarian reserve test and one previous poor response to stimulation, (3) age ≥ 40 years and one previous poor response, (4) abnormal ovarian reserve test and one previous poor response.Result(s): Overall, 846 cycles in 706 Bologna poor ovarian responders were included: 310 cycles in group 1, 169 in group 2, 52 in group 3, and 315 in group 4. There were significant differences in age, antral follicle count, antimüllerian hormone, cycle cancellation rates, and number of retrieved oocytes between the four groups. Live birth and cumulative live birth rate differed significantly between groups and were highest in Group 4 [Live birth rate: 7.4% (1) vs. 4.1% (2) vs. 5.8% (3) vs. 13.4% (4), p = 0.001 and Cumulative live birth rate: 8.3% (1) vs. 4.1 % (2) vs. 9.6% (3) vs. 16.8% (4) p < 0.001]. The multivariate GEE analysis revealed that the number of MIIs and the Bologna criteria pattern were the variables which were significantly associated with cumulative live birth rate. Conclusion(s):Poor ovarian responders represent a heterogeneous population. The young subpopulation has a better clinical prognosis in terms of fresh and cumulative live birth rate.

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“…The inability to gestate is a problem that involves the two members of a couple. 85% of couples conceive within one-year, increasing to 92% at two years and 93% at three (Mackens et al, 2017). Since the irst pregnancy was obtained by in vitro fertilization (IVF) in 1978, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been one of the most important contributions in assisted reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between progesterone/MII oocyte ratio on the day of trigger and ICSI outcome

Aubead

2020

ijrps

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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines subfertility as the inability to get pregnant in couples who have more than 12 months maintaining frequent sexual intercourse without the use of contraceptives methods. Subfertility affects approximately 10-15% of couples in fertile age and this figure is increasing. Assess the level of serum progesterone\MII oocyte ratio at the day of a trigger is to determine that if associated with poor ICSI-embryo transfer outcome. A retrospective cohort study carried in the period from Nov.1, 2018 to the end of Nov. 2019, when 50 patients were enrolled within the age between 20-35 years old with mean age (29±5)years and the main age group were in between (25-30) years. The most common cause of subfertility was oligospermia (48.0%) and the HCG was positive in (20.0%) of the patients and negative in (80.0%), Significant association were found between implantation rate and P/MII oocyte ratio (P=0.008), while highly significant association were noticed between pregnancy rate and P/MII oocyte ratio (P<0.001). Progesterone increase should be avoided that lead to advance maturation of the endometrium and impaired endometrial receptivity, so from these results, we concluded that raised serum progesterone\MII oocyte ratio at the day of the trigger is related with reduced ICSI-embryo transfer outcome.

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Frozen embryo transfer: a review on the optimal endometrial preparation and timing

Abstract: Not applicable.

Cited by 249 publications

References 91 publications

Endogenous progesterone levels could predict reproductive outcome in frozen embryo replacement cycles supplemented with synthetic progestogens: A retrospective cohort study

Endogenous progesterone levels could predict reproductive outcome in frozen embryo replacement cycles supplemented with synthetic progestogens: A retrospective cohort study

Heterogeneity Among Poor Ovarian Responders According to Bologna Criteria Results in Diverging Cumulative Live Birth Rates

The correlation between progesterone/MII oocyte ratio on the day of trigger and ICSI outcome

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