Following publication of the original article [1], the name of second author has been changed from Malik Aubead to Nassrin Malik Aubead.The original article has been revised.
Gonadal Steroids hormones play an important role in the reproductive and non-reproductive system. Estrogen has important rule in cardiovascular system as it has vasodilator effect and reduces or prevents platelet activation. In addition, it improves the profile of circulating lipoproteins. All of which may explain why women at premenopausal are less likely to have heart disease than menopause women or men. E2 play grate effect on the skeletal system as it is one of the strongest regulators of osteoblast and osteoclast function, and its responsible for the reduction of adipose tissue and regulation of the body weight, and also has dermatological effect,hence it stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes and prevents their apoptosis, in addition to the progesterone which increases collagen synthesis. Estrogen is necessary for the functioning and integrity of the tissues of the urinary system specially of the lower urinary tract. Sex steroid are crucial for nervous system, as progesterone is important for production of neurosteroid, and estrogen is currently used in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease because of its effects on mental health. The androgens also have a crucial biological effects on neural, muscle, bone, adipose tissue,prostate, cardiovascular, haemopoietic, and the reproductive systems. The gonadal steroid hormones play an important role in immune system and regulating the immune response against different viral or bacterial infection.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines subfertility as the inability to get pregnant in couples who have more than 12 months maintaining frequent sexual intercourse without the use of contraceptives methods. Subfertility affects approximately 10-15% of couples in fertile age and this figure is increasing. Assess the level of serum progesterone\MII oocyte ratio at the day of a trigger is to determine that if associated with poor ICSI-embryo transfer outcome. A retrospective cohort study carried in the period from Nov.1, 2018 to the end of Nov. 2019, when 50 patients were enrolled within the age between 20-35 years old with mean age (29±5)years and the main age group were in between (25-30) years. The most common cause of subfertility was oligospermia (48.0%) and the HCG was positive in (20.0%) of the patients and negative in (80.0%), Significant association were found between implantation rate and P/MII oocyte ratio (P=0.008), while highly significant association were noticed between pregnancy rate and P/MII oocyte ratio (P<0.001). Progesterone increase should be avoided that lead to advance maturation of the endometrium and impaired endometrial receptivity, so from these results, we concluded that raised serum progesterone\MII oocyte ratio at the day of the trigger is related with reduced ICSI-embryo transfer outcome.
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