Frozen chicken for wild fish: Nutritional transition in the Brazilian Amazon region determined by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in fingernails

Nardoto, Gabriela Bielefeld; Murrieta, Rui Sérgio Sereni; Prates, Luís Enrique Gainette; Adams, Cristina; Garavello, Maria Elisa de Paula Eduardo; Schor, Tatiana; Moraes, André de Oliveira; Rinaldi, Fernando D.; Gragnani, Juliana Gonçalez; Moura, Edila Arnaud Ferreira; Duarte‐Neto, Paulo José; Martinelli, Luiz Antônio

doi:10.1002/ajhb.21192

Cited by 75 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Stable carbon isotopes are also used to identify diets or to partition trophic niches for individuals or populations, e.g., insects (Magnusson et al 1999), birds (Hobson 2011), bovids (Cerling et al 2003), primates (Crowley 2012), and humans (Nardoto et al 2011). Stable carbon isotopes in ancient plant and soil material have also been used for a wide variety of paleoecology investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation and soil carbon‐13 isoscapes for South America: integrating remote sensing and ecosystem isotope measurements

2012

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C of plant leaf and soil endmembers. Our approach relies upon the near-universal restriction of C 4 photosynthesis to the herbaceous growth form and the differing performance of C 3 and C 4 grasses in various climates, along with land-cover and crop-type distributions. Specifically, we predict the percentage cover of C 3 and C 4 vegetation in each 5-minute grid cell (;10 km) based on input gridded layers of vegetation growth form fractional cover, crop-area/crop-type distributions, and a high spatial resolution climate data. We develop a consistent set of rules to harmonize the different data layers. The d 13 C of vegetation in South America is then estimated based on the C 3 /C 4 composition in each land grid cell, assuming constant mean values for closed C 3 tropical forest (À32.3%), open C 3 forest ecosystems (À29.0%), C 3 herbaceous cover (À26.7%) and C 4 herbaceous cover (À12.5%). In addition to using the mean isotope values, we also incorporate the measured standard deviation for each category. Soil d 13C is estimated for the C 4 -favored climate regions of South America using two, largely independent approaches: one that is derived from our vegetation d 13 C prediction and one that is based on a previously published relationship between fractional woody cover and the d 13 C of soil organic carbon. Finally, we present preliminary maps of relative uncertainty in the estimates of vegetation growth form, generated by integrating global measures of accuracy with local measures of neighborhood variability. These maps demonstrate that the highest uncertainty is found in savanna ecosystems, which contain the most heterogeneous vegetation cover and structure along with a high percentage of C 4 grass cover.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation and soil carbon‐13 isoscapes for South America: integrating remote sensing and ecosystem isotope measurements

2012

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“…Although in 2002, only caterpillars (a highly seasonal food item) could compete with bushmeat, in 2016, imported chicken and pork became competitive with bushmeat offering access to a higher diversity of animal proteins to urban households. All locally produced animal proteins except caterpillars (fish, bushmeat, chicken) were significantly more expensive than the cheapest source of animal protein (imported chicken) in 2016, indicating that urban households are increasingly dependent on imported sources of animal protein, as already shown in other tropical forest areas (Nardoto et al 2011, van Vliet et al 2015b). The increased competition of alternative sources of animal protein could imply substitution to bushmeat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Trends in bushmeat trade in a postconflict forest town: implications for food security

Vliet¹,

Schulte‐Herbrüggen²,

Muhindo³

et al. 2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Food insecurity and malnutrition can be major, yet often overlooked, consequences of armed conflicts because of the disruption of rural-urban trade networks and human migration toward safe urban centers. Bushmeat has been shown to act as an important safety net for conflict-affected urban populations, contributing the provisioning of basic needs and postconflict peace building efforts. However, the widely documented unsustainability of bushmeat hunting questions whether reliance of an urban population on bushmeat can be sustained for prolonged periods. To assess the potential contribution of bushmeat to sustainable food systems and peace building processes in a postconflict setting in the Democratic Republic of Congo, we use bushmeat trade data from the Kisangani market collected during three annual surveys in 2002, 2008/2009, and 2015/2016. Overall, we found a decreasing supply of bushmeat that, combined with an increasing human population size, limited the contribution of bushmeat to food security. Although bushmeat was the cheapest source of animal protein available in 2002, substitutes became more affordable over time, thereby reducing the need for bushmeat, especially among the urban poor. Finally, assessing the sustainability of bushmeat supply showed an ambiguous pattern depending on the indicator used, which may have been influenced by changes in the geographical trade routes, possibly mediating negative effects of local resource depletion on urban bushmeat supplies. This study provides insights into the contribution and the sustainability of bushmeat to urban postconflict food security. At the same time we also highlight the need for improved understanding of temporal supply/trade trajectories and especially the interaction between the sustainability of bushmeat harvest and the availability of affordable substitutes for ensuring sustainable food systems in support of peace building processes.

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“…This fact, in combination with the increased monetization of social relations due to federal cash transfer programs (i.e., Programa Bolsa Familia), has led the population to depend more heavily on low-cost alternative foods such as canned goods, chicken eggs, and frozen chicken that come by boat from Manaus (much or most of which originates elsewhere) (Nardoto et al, 2011).…”

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Ribeirinho Food Regimes, Socioeconomic Inclusion and Unsustainable Development of the Amazonian Floodplain

Schor¹,

Azenha²

2017

echogeo

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Frozen chicken for wild fish: Nutritional transition in the Brazilian Amazon region determined by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in fingernails

Abstract: Increasing urbanization in the Brazilian Amazon is associated with a significant change in food habits with processed and industrialized products playing an increasingly important role in the diet and contributing to the nutrition transition in the region.

Cited by 75 publications

References 47 publications

Vegetation and soil carbon‐13 isoscapes for South America: integrating remote sensing and ecosystem isotope measurements

Vegetation and soil carbon‐13 isoscapes for South America: integrating remote sensing and ecosystem isotope measurements

Trends in bushmeat trade in a postconflict forest town: implications for food security

Ribeirinho Food Regimes, Socioeconomic Inclusion and Unsustainable Development of the Amazonian Floodplain

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