Frost tolerance of<i>Trifolium</i>species

Caradus, J. R.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1995.9513114

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Frost tolerance may provide an explanation for the larger amount of haresfoot and no reduction in suckling at 910N. Caradus (1995) used controlled environment rooms to show that haresfoot and suckling clovers were the most frost tolerant species; cluster and sub clover were in the most frost susceptible group; and striated and white clover were intermediate. The lack of sub clover on the south face may reflect the more severe frosts than on north faces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clover species cover on summer dry hill country in Central Otago

Power¹,

Pollock²,

Lucas³

et al. 2006

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The prevalence of annual clover species and white clover (Trifolium repens) during the critical late winter to early summer period (mid Aug - Dec) are compared in relation to aspect, altitude, temperature and rainfall on Mt Grand at Hawea Flat. Measurements were at four north facing sites (450, 620, 750, 910 m a.s.l.) and one shady site at 630 m a.s.l. The rainfall was similar for all altitudes and aspects but annual clovers dominated on sunny faces and the perennial white clover dominated on the shady face with suckling (T. dubium) the only adventive annual clover present. Annual cluster clover (T. glomeratum) dominated on the lower sunny faces at 450 and 620 m and sub clover (T. subterraneum) dominated at 750 m. Suckling and striated clover (T. striatum) were present on all sunny aspect sites and were unaffected by altitude while haresfoot (T. arvense) presence increased with altitude. Air thermal time accumulation for the mid Aug-Dec period was 1440 °Cd at the 450 m site and declined at 100 °Cd per 100 m of elevation (r2 = 0.99). Thermal time at 910 m was

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clover species cover on summer dry hill country in Central Otago

Power¹,

Pollock²,

Lucas³

et al. 2006

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“…In contrast, T opt for white clover appears to be ~25 °C ( Figure 2) with a fast rate of germination still observed at 30 °C, the highest temperature tested by Moot et al (2000). Caradus (1995) examined the tolerance (leaf survival) of 13 Trifolium species to single frost events of varying severity in a controlled environment room in which the tops but not soil and roots were subjected to frosts down to -16 °C. Haresfoot and suckling…”

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology of four annual clovers adventive in New Zealand grasslands

Boswell¹,

Lucas²,

Lonati³

et al. 2003

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Four annual clovers have become adapted to the dry and semi-arid grasslands in New Zealand. In the absence of competition from perennial clovers, which are adapted to sub-humid and humid environments, further spread is likely to continue. Annuals rely on high numbers of small and hard seeds for survival. Their germination is dependent on a combination of adequate soil moisture and favourable temperatures, with no evidence of a prechilling treatment required. For striated clover, germination results highlight their adaptation to cool moist autumn conditions during germination. The benefits of adventive clovers for N fixation (0.2-100 kg N ha-1) are greatest where sulphur fertiliser has been applied, the clover population is dense, and soil moisture ideal over several months, but may be nil in drought conditions. Key words: annual clovers, germination, nitrogen fixation, semi-arid grassland, Trifolium arvense, T. dubium, T. glomeratum, T. striatum

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“…Originally native to the Mediterranean (Ellison et al, 2006), white clover grows in a wide range of temperatures and in nearly any soil type provided there is enough moisture and sunlight (Gibson and Cope, 1985). In addition, white clover is a frost-tolerant species with little frost damage observed on leaves after exposure to mild frosts (up to -5°C) (Caradus, 1995;McCully et al, 2004). The plant has a prostrate growth habit (Leffel and Gibson, 1973) and spreads along the ground through stolons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%