Frost action in cement in the presence of De-Icers

Litvan, G. G.

doi:10.1016/0008-8846(76)90097-1

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…When one phase changes to another phase, latent heat is either released or absorbed. Therefore, energy transfer can be used to indicate that a freezing or thawing event (i.e., a phase change) is taking place (21,47). The amount of latent heat and its corresponding freezing or thawing temperatures are specific material properties that can be used to differentiate different materials and different phases in a composite system.…”

Section: Using Acoustic Emission and Heat Flow Techniques To Quantifymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the addition of deicing salts on the surface of concrete elements are effective for melting the ice and increasing the safety of infrastructure, it may also be partially responsible for the issues that develop at the joints in the pavement. When concrete that contains a deicing salt is exposed to freezing and thawing, a variety of complex damage mechanisms occur (17,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Ice can form inside the concrete pore structure (24); osmotic pressure can develop due to partial freezing of solutions in capillaries (25); and large-scale migration of unfrozen water from small pores to large cavities filled by frozen water (21) and crystallization of salt can occur.…”

Section: Introduction and Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While several causes have been suggested for the distress that develops at some joints, it is clear that the movement of moisture is an important aspect for several of these distress mechanisms including those associated with freeze-thaw and/or physical salt attack (12,21). As such, the wetting and drying of concrete may be of great importance in understanding joint durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Overview of Joint Deterioration in Concrete Pavement: Mechanisms, Solution Properties, and Sealers

Jones¹,

Farnam²,

Imbrock³

et al. 2013

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Section: Using Acoustic Emission and Heat Flow Techniques To Quantifymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Overview of Joint Deterioration in Concrete Pavement: Mechanisms, Solution Properties, and Sealers

Jones¹,

Farnam²,

Imbrock³

et al. 2013

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“…Although many types of rock are severely damaged by their exposure to temperature fluctuations about the freezing point, the responsible mechanisms are still the subject of considerable debate. The disintegration of porous materials has been attributed to the segregation of ice into layers (COLLINS, 1944), the pressures exerted by growing ice crystals in capillaries (POWERS, 1955), the generation of hydraulic pressures (POWERS, 1955), and the expulsion of water into cracks and other crevices (LITVAN, 1976). These processes require the formation of ice, but there is considerable evidence to suggest that the disintegration of fine grained argillaceous rocks is the result of temperature dependent wetting and drying, associated with the adsorption of water molecules onto internal clay surfaces (DUNN and HUDEC, 1972 ;HUDEC, 1973).…”

Section: The Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be because of greater osmotic pressures, or because of the higher levels of saturation which may be maintained during freezing (POWERS, 1975;MaclNNES and WHITING, 1979). Several studies, however, have shown that the greatest disintegration occurs in solutions ranging from about one half to one and a half times the normal salinity of sea water (VER-BECK and KLIEGER, 1957;LITVAN, 1976;MaclNNES and WHITING, 1979).…”

Section: The Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze-thaw and shore platform development in Gaspé, Québec

Trenhaile

Rudakas

2011

gpq

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The role of freeze-thaw action in coastal environments, with particular reference to the formation of sub-horizontal shore platforms in Gaspé, Québec, was investigated experimentally. Rock cores and crushed rock samples were subjected to: two freeze-thaw cycles of twelve and twenty-four hour durations; fresh water and three artificial sea water solutions of about half, one and a half, and 'normal' salinity; and two drainage conditions representing rock pools and vertical well drained surfaces. These variables were selected to simulate some of the local environments which exist between the cliff top and low tide level in coastal Gaspé. Shales were the most susceptible to frost breakdown, followed in turn by argillites, calcisiltites and dolomitic silty argillites, and graywackes. Greatest disintegration tended to be associated with sea water solutions of about half-normal salinity. The data suggest that breakdown is greatest in the lower portions of the cliff. Freeze-thaw may produce the moat-like pools commonly found at the back of shore platforms. Although the process undoubtedly facilitates wave erosion of the platform and cliff, however, there is no evidence to suggest that it causes shore platforms to assume subhorizontal gradients.Le rôle de la gélifraction en milieu littoral, en particulier dans la formation des plates-formes subhorizontales en Gaspésie, a été étudié d’une façon expérimentale. Des carottes et des fragments de roc ont été soumis à des cycles gel-dégel de 12 et de 24 heures, les uns dans de l’eau ordinaire et les autres dans de l’eau de mer à salinité normale, à demi-salinité et à salinité et demie, dans des conditions d’humidité correspondant à celles des cuvettes rocheuses et des escarpements verticaux. Les conditions furent déterminées en regard des milieux naturels locaux prévalant dans la zone comprise entre le haut de la falaise et le niveau des basses mers, sur la côte nord de la Gaspésie. Les schistes se sont révélés les plus sensibles à la gélifraction; viennent ensuite dans l’ordre de plus grande sensibilité, les argilites, les calcshistes, les argilites dolomitiques et les grauwackes. La gélifraction maximale s’est produite dans une solution correspondant à la demi-salinité de l’eau de mer. Les résultats indiquent que la gélifraction est plus importante dans la partie inférieure de la falaise. Elle pourrait être à l’origine des cuvettes superficielles entaillant les plates-formes littorales. Bien que la gélifraction soit un processus favorisant l’érosion par les vagues des plates-formes et des falaises, rien ne permet d’affirmer qu’elle soit à l’origine des plates-formes littorales subhorizontales en Gaspé.Die Rolle der Gelifraktion in Kustengegenden, mit besonderem Hinweis auf die Entstehung von subhorizontalen Küstenplattformen in Gaspé, Québec, wurde im Experiment untersucht. Bohrungskerne und zermahlene Gesteinsproben wurden folgenden Kräften aus-gesetzt: zwei Gefrierund Auftauzyklen von zwölf und vierundzwanzig Stunden Dauer, Frischwasser, und drei künstliche Salzwasserlösunge...

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Frost weathering and the saturation of coastal rocks

Trenhaile

Mercan

1984

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Measurements were made of the water content in coastal rocks, by simulating tidal oscillations in the laboratory, and by field measurement in eastern Canada. If rapid freezing takes place upon exposure to the air, saturation levels may be high enough to permit frost weathering in fine grained rocks in the lower portions of the intertidal zone. Near the high tidal level, however, it may be dependent upon a supply of water from the ice foot and from melting snow. If freezing is slow, frost action may be inhibited by desorption of the rocks while they are exposed by the ebb tide. There was no evidence of a level of permanent sea water saturation within the intertidal zone. Ambient temperature and humidity may affect the rate of rock desorption.KEY WORDS Coastal rock saturation Shore platforms Frost weathering'

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Frost action in cement in the presence of De-Icers

Abstract: /npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at

Cited by 73 publications

References 4 publications

An Overview of Joint Deterioration in Concrete Pavement: Mechanisms, Solution Properties, and Sealers

An Overview of Joint Deterioration in Concrete Pavement: Mechanisms, Solution Properties, and Sealers

Freeze-thaw and shore platform development in Gaspé, Québec

Frost weathering and the saturation of coastal rocks

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