Frontal and temporal volumes in children with epilepsy

Daley, Melita; Levitt, Jennifer G.; Siddarth, Prabha; Mormino, Elizabeth C.; Hojatkashani, Cornelius; Gurbani, Suresh; Shields, W. Donald; Sankar, Raman; Toga, Arthur W.; Caplan, Rochelle

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2007.02.010

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Similar to the dissociation between IQ and fronto-temporal volumes in children with recent onset (45) and chronic epilepsy (29, 46) compared to healthy control subjects, different brain regions also appear to be involved in the linguistic skill of children with epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The imaging acquisition protocol used to obtain high resolution three-dimensional (3D) T-1 weighted spoiled grass (SPGR) sequences included a sagittal plane acquisition with slice thickness of 1.2 mm, repetition time of 24 ms, echo time of 9 ms, flip angle of 22, acquisition matrix of 256 × 192, FOV 24, and two excitations. A detailed description of the MRI procedures, image preprocessing, delineation of the prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral frontal cortex/middle frontal gyrus, dorsolateral frontal cortex/superior frontal gyrus, orbital frontal cortex, temporal lobe, and intra- as well as inter-rater reliability can be found in Daley et al (29) and for the superior temporal lobe and its parcellations, the anterior and posterior superior temporal lobe, in Taylor et al (30). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Language and brain volumes in children with epilepsy

Caplan¹,

Levitt²,

Siddarth³

et al. 2010

Epilepsy & Behavior

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This study compared the relationship of language skill with fronto-temporal volumes in 69 medically treated epilepsy subjects and 34 healthy children, aged 6.1-16.6 years. It also determined if the patients with linguistic deficits had abnormal volumes and atypical associations between volumes and language skills in these brain regions. The children underwent language testing and magnetic resonance imaging scans at 1.5 Tesla. Brain tissue was segmented and fronto-temporal volumes were computed. Higher mean language scores were significantly associated with larger inferior frontal gyrus, temporal lobe, and posterior superior temporal gyrus gray matter volumes in the epilepsy group and in the children with epilepsy with average language scores. Increased total brain and dorsolateral prefrontal gray and white matter volumes, however, were associated with higher language scores in the healthy controls. Within the epilepsy group, linguistic deficits were related to smaller anterior superior temporal gyrus gray matter volumes and a negative association between language scores and dorsolateral prefrontal gray matter volumes. These findings demonstrate abnormal development of language related brain regions, and imply differential reorganization of brain regions subserving language in children with epilepsy with normal linguistic skills and in those with impaired language.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and brain volumes in children with epilepsy

Caplan¹,

Levitt²,

Siddarth³

et al. 2010

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…Initial analyses of the Wisconsin and Los Angeles cohorts did not find associations between intellectual indices and regional brain volumes in childhood epilepsy (Caplan et al, 2009; Daley et al, 2007; Hermann et al, 2006). However, more recent investigations of the Wisconsin cohort, in relatively modest samples, have reported positive associations involving executive task performance and thalamic and frontal volumes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (N = 20) (Pulsipher et al, 2009), regional cortical thickening and intelligence in children with absence epilepsy (N = 24) (Tosun, Siddarth, et al, 2011), and executive task performance and putamen volume in BECTS (N = 13) (Lin et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Analyses of the Wisconsin and Los Angeles cohorts have generally not found case-control grey matter differences (Daley et al, 2007; Hermann et al, 2006; Hutchinson et al, 2010), although one study using an alternate volumetric method reported complex regional grey and white matter discrepancies (Tosun, Dabbs, et al, 2011). Our negative findings for white matter differences are consistent with the majority of previous analyses (Hermann, Jones, Dabbs, et al, 2007; Hermann et al, 2006; Hutchinson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional brain volumes and cognition in childhood epilepsy: Does size really matter?

et al. 2014

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Purpose Recent studies have correlated neurocognitive function and regional brain volumes in children with epilepsy. We tested whether brain volume differences between children with and without epilepsy explained differences in neurocognitive function. Methods The study sample included 108 individuals with uncomplicated nonsyndromic epilepsy (NSE) and 36 healthy age- and gender-matched controls. Participants received a standardized cognitive battery. Whole brain T1-weighted MRI was obtained and volumes analyzed with FreeSurfer (TM). Key Findings Total brain volume (TBV) was significantly smaller in cases. After adjustment for TBV, cases had significantly larger regional grey matter volumes for total, frontal, parietal, and precentral cortex. Cases had poorer performance on neurocognitive indices of intelligence and variability of sustained attention. In cases, TBV showed small associations with intellectual indices of verbal and perceptual ability, working memory, and overall IQ. In controls, TBV showed medium associations with working memory and variability of sustained attention. In both groups, small associations were seen between some TBV-adjusted regional brain volumes and neurocognitive indices, but not in a consistent pattern. Brain volume differences did not account for cognitive differences between the groups. Significance Patients with uncomplicated NSE have smaller brains than controls but areas of relative grey matter enlargement. That this relative regional enlargement occurs in the context of poorer overall neurocognitive functioning suggests that it is not adaptive. However, the lack of consistent associations between case-control differences in brain volumes and cognitive functioning suggests that brain volumes have limited explanatory value for cognitive functioning in childhood epilepsy.

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“…Age at onset of CPS, a history of prolonged or febrile seizures, as well as localization and lateralization of epileptic activity, are, however, also associated with frontotemporal volumes in these children [7]. More specifically, earlier onset of CPS is related to smaller gray and white matter orbital frontal gyrus (OFG) volumes and temporal lobe white matter volumes, a history of prolonged seizures is related to increased inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) gray and white matter volumes, and left focal EEG activity is related to reduced total white matter volumes [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thought disorder and frontotemporal volumes in pediatric epilepsy

Caplan

Levitt

Siddarth

et al. 2008

Epilepsy & Behavior

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The aim of this study was to determine if volumes of frontotemporal regions associated with language were related to thought disorder in 42 children, aged 5-16 years, with cryptogenic epilepsy, all of whom had complex partial seizures (CPS). The children with CPS and 41 age-and gender-matched healthy children underwent brain MRI scans at 1.5 T. Tissue was segmented, and total brain, frontal lobe, and temporal lobe volumes were computed. Thought disorder measures, IQ, and seizure information were collected for each patient. The subjects with CPS had more thought disorder, smaller total gray matter and orbital frontal gray matter volumes, as well as larger temporal lobe white matter volumes than the control group. In the CPS group, thought disorder was significantly related to smaller orbital frontal and inferior frontal gray matter volumes, increased Heschl's gyrus gray matter volumes, and smaller superior temporal gyrus white matter volumes. However, significantly larger orbital frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and temporal lobe gray matter volumes and decreased Heschl's gyrus white matter volumes were associated with thought disorder in the control group. These findings suggest that thought disorder might represent a developmental disability involving frontotemporal regions associated with language in pediatric CPS.

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Frontal and temporal volumes in children with epilepsy

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Language and brain volumes in children with epilepsy

Language and brain volumes in children with epilepsy

Regional brain volumes and cognition in childhood epilepsy: Does size really matter?

Thought disorder and frontotemporal volumes in pediatric epilepsy

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