From the distinctive smell to therapeutic effects: Garlic for cardiovascular, hepatic, gut, diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Ribeiro, Márcia; Alvarenga, Livia; Cardozo, Ludmila F M F; Chermut, Tuany R.; Sequeira, Joana; Moreira, Laís de Souza Gouveia; Teixeira, Karla Thaís Resende; Shiels, Paul G.; Stenvinkel, Peter; Mafra, Denise

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.005

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Numerous studies have described the link between foods and nutrients and the risk of NAFLD [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In addition, several studies have explored the association of dietary patterns and NAFLD risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Patterns with MRI Markers of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in the MAST4HEALTH Study

Amanatidou

Kaliora

Amerikanou

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Whereas the etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is complex, the role of nutrition as a causing and preventive factor is not fully explored. The aim of this study is to associate dietary patterns with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in a European population (Greece, Italy, and Serbia) affected by NAFLD. For the first time, iron-corrected T1 (cT1), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and the liver inflammation fibrosis score (LIF) were examined in relation to diet. A total of 97 obese patients with NAFLD from the MAST4HEALTH study were included in the analysis. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the quality of diet and food combinations. Other variables investigated include anthropometric measurements, total type 2 diabetes risk, physical activity level (PAL), and smoking status. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify dietary patterns. Six dietary patterns were identified, namely “High-Sugar”, “Prudent”, “Western”, “High-Fat and Salt”, “Plant-Based”, and “Low-Fat Dairy and Poultry”. The “Western” pattern was positively associated with cT1 in the unadjusted model (beta: 0.020, p-value: 0.025) and even after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), PAL, smoking, the center of the study, and the other five dietary patterns (beta: 0.024, p-value: 0.020). On the contrary, compared with low-intake patients, those with medium intake of the “Low-Fat Dairy and Poultry” pattern were associated with lower values of cT1, PDFF, and LIF. However, patients with a “Low-Fat Dairy and Poultry” dietary pattern were negatively associated with MRI parameters (cT1: beta: −0.052, p-value: 0.046, PDFF: beta: −0.448, p-value: 0.030, LIF: beta: −0.408, p-value: 0.025). Our findings indicate several associations between MRI parameters and dietary patterns in NAFLD patients, highlighting the importance of diet in NAFLD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Patterns with MRI Markers of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in the MAST4HEALTH Study

Amanatidou

Kaliora

Amerikanou

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The most important chemical reaction that occurs, for example, during the crushing of garlic cloves is the production of allicin from alliin under the influence of the enzyme alliinase (EC 4.4.1.4) (Figure 1). It is worth mentioning that allicin is responsible for the characteristic smell of crushed garlic cloves [11].…”

Section: Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia In Polandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organosulfur compounds found in garlic have numerous health-promoting properties, such as antioxidant (especially strong due to their chemical structure), cardioprotective, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity [11]. It should be mentioned that garlic shows potent bactericidal activity against numerous Gram (+) and Gram (-) microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant strains [12].…”

Section: Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia In Polandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypolipemic properties of garlic involve several biochemical mechanisms [11]. Chemical compounds present in garlic decrease the activity of enzymes such as fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCoA) [18].…”

Section: Garlic For Blood Pressure and Lipid Metabolism Regulation -Biochemical Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Garlic for arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. Review of literature studies and clinical studies

et al. 2021

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“…Nevertheless, the study should be qualified for certain limitations like the sample size, the accurate adherence of the supplementation, and the ''low'' amount of the inulin supplementation (10 and 15 g). Another paper published in the Journal regarding gut microbiota by Yang et al 26 is a metaanalysis that observed the effects of dietary fiber intake on uremic toxins produced by the gut microbiota. Despite the small number and heterogeneity between studies evaluated (10 randomized controlled clinical trials involving 292 patients with CKD), the authors concluded that dietary fiber supplementation could reduce uremic toxin levels, with more evident effects in patients on dialysis and without diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Tricks for Old Friends: Treating Gut Microbiota of Patients With CKD

Mafra

Kalantar-Zadeh

Moore

2021

Journal of Renal Nutrition

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From the distinctive smell to therapeutic effects: Garlic for cardiovascular, hepatic, gut, diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Cited by 46 publications

References 146 publications

Association of Dietary Patterns with MRI Markers of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in the MAST4HEALTH Study

Association of Dietary Patterns with MRI Markers of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in the MAST4HEALTH Study

Garlic for arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. Review of literature studies and clinical studies

New Tricks for Old Friends: Treating Gut Microbiota of Patients With CKD

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