From the Cochlea to the Cortex and Back

Smith, Philip H.; Spirou, George A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3654-0_2

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 434 publications

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“…These pathways originate from the medial olivocochlear cells and small cells in the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body and form a part of the auditory efferent projection (Sherriff and Henderson 1994;Smith and Spirou 2001). Therefore the cholinergic inputs we observed are likely to arise from these cells (Figs.…”

Section: Origin Of the Cholinergic Projectionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This afterhyperpolarization would be expected to result in the decrease of firing in cochlear nuclear Golgi cells. The other projection of olivocochlear efferent neurons (Sherriff and Henderson 1994;Smith and Spirou 2001) may lead to cholinergic suppression of Golgi cells. Therefore Golgi cells are likely to play some crucial roles in modulating the granule cell activities by integrating variety of inputs; leading to the disinhibition of granule cells and then through the activity of parallel fibers, the modulation of principal cells in the DCN.…”

Section: Possible Physiological Roles Of Group II Mglurs and Muscarinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of GIRK Channels by Muscarinic Receptors and Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Suppresses Golgi Cell Activity in the Cochlear Nucleus of Mice

Irie

Fukui²,

Ohmori³

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Irie, Tomohiko, Iwao Fukui, and Harunori Ohmor. Activation of GIRK channels by muscarinic receptors and group II metabotropic glutamate receptors suppresses Golgi cell activity in the cochlear nucleus of mice. J Neurophysiol 96: 2633-2644, 2006. First published July 19, 2006 doi:10.1152/jn.00396.2006. Granule cells and parallel fiber circuits in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) play a role in integration of multimodal sensory with auditory inputs. The activity of granule cells is regulated through inhibitory connections made by Golgi cells. Golgi cells in turn probably receive parallel fiber inputs and regulate activity of the DCN. We have investigated the electrophysiological properties of Golgi cells using the whole cell patchclamp method in slices made from transgenic mice that express green fluorescent protein driven by the promotor of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2. Stimulation of auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) and of parallel fibers evoked glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSC) through AMPA receptors. The strengths and latencies of these inputs differed, however. ANF stimulation evoked EPSCs after 4.7 Ϯ 0.4 ms, whereas parallel fiber stimulation evoked EPSCs after 1.4 Ϯ 0.2 ms that were on average 2.5 times as large. The multiple peaks and prolonged activity suggest the presence of polysynaptic connections between ANFs and Golgi cells. Agonists for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and for muscarinic receptors induced membrane hyperpolarization and suppressed the firing of Golgi cells by activating G-protein-coupled inward rectifier K ϩ (GIRK) channels. These results strongly suggest that Golgi cells were regulated through the combined activities of glutamatergic and cholinergic synapses, which presumably regulated the temporal firing patterns of granule cells and through them the activity of principal cells of the DCN.

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Section: Origin Of the Cholinergic Projectionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Possible Physiological Roles Of Group II Mglurs and Muscarinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of GIRK Channels by Muscarinic Receptors and Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Suppresses Golgi Cell Activity in the Cochlear Nucleus of Mice

Irie

Fukui²,

Ohmori³

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…The auditory thalamus includes the medial geniculate body (MGB), the lateral part of the posterior nucleus group and the auditory sector of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) [1,2] . The MGB is the principal auditory thalamic nucleus and the obligatory synaptic station for auditory information directed towards the telencephalon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thalamocortical and Corticothalamic Interaction in the Auditory System

Zhang¹,

Chan²,

He³

2004

Neuroembryol Aging

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The neuronal interconnections between thalamus and cortex modulate information transmission in the central auditory system. To facilitate the understanding of its modulation effects and mechanism, first, the recent progress on investigating the anatomical connections and the physiological properties of the medial geniculate body and auditory cortex is summarized. Second, the connectional pattern and functional organization in thalamocortical and corticothalamic network are described. Third, the strategic position and role of the thalamic reticular nucleus in the auditory system are demonstrated. Lastly, the functional implication of this integrated system and possible interactions between auditory thalamus and cortex are discussed. The thalamocortical and corticothalamic projections may work as a dynamic filter array in integrating sensory information and optimizing signal processing in the auditory system.

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“…Basic features, such as amplitude and frequency are encoded early on, whereas higher order centers, such as the superior olivary complex or the inferior colliculus, use this information to perform more complex computational tasks, such as sound localization or echo suppression. Finally, auditory perception occurs in the cortex [11,12].…”

Section: Complexity On the Structural And Functional Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroproteomics – the tasks lying ahead

2006

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The brain is unquestionably the most fascinating organ. Despite tremendous progress, current knowledge falls short of being able to explain its function. An emerging approach toward improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying brain function is neuroproteomics. Today's neuroscientists have access to a battery of versatile technologies both in transcriptomics and proteomics. The challenge is to choose the right strategy in order to generate new hypotheses on how the brain works. The goal of this review is therefore two-fold: first we recall the bewildering cellular, molecular, and functional complexity in the brain, as this knowledge is fundamental to any study design. In fact, an impressive complexity on the molecular level has recently re-emerged as a central theme in large-scale analyses. Then we review transcriptomics and proteomics technologies, as both are complementary. Finally, we comment on the most widely used proteomics techniques and their respective strengths and drawbacks. We conclude that for the time being, neuroproteomics should focus on its strengths, namely the identification of posttranslational modifications and protein-protein interactions, as well as the characterization of highly purified subproteomes. For global expression profiling, emphasis should be put on further development to significantly increase coverage.

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From the Cochlea to the Cortex and Back

Cited by 30 publications

References 434 publications

Activation of GIRK Channels by Muscarinic Receptors and Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Suppresses Golgi Cell Activity in the Cochlear Nucleus of Mice

Activation of GIRK Channels by Muscarinic Receptors and Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Suppresses Golgi Cell Activity in the Cochlear Nucleus of Mice

Thalamocortical and Corticothalamic Interaction in the Auditory System

Neuroproteomics – the tasks lying ahead

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