From syntax to acoustic duration: A dynamical model of speech rhythm production

Barbosa, Plínio Almeida

doi:10.1016/j.specom.2007.04.013

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mechanistically, we currently favor an explanation in which speech-rate effects arise from the engagement of endogenous neural oscillators that are attuned to the temporal periodicities and quasi-periodicities present in speech (Barbosa 2007;Byrd and Saltzman 2003;Cummins and Port 1998;Large and Jones 1999;McAuley and Jones 2003;Nam et al 2006;Port 2003). Oscillatory activity in the brain occurs over a small range of frequencies (~1-40 Hz), which include the temporal frequencies of linguistic units (phonemes, syllables).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate dependent speech processing can be speech specific: Evidence from the perceptual disappearance of words under changes in context speech rate

Pitt

Szostak

Dilley

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The perception of reduced syllables, including function words, produced in casual speech can be made to disappear by slowing the rate at which surrounding words are spoken (Dilley & Pitt, Psychological Science, 21(11), 1664-1670. doi: 10.1177/0956797610384743, 2010. The current study explored the domain generality of this speechrate effect, asking whether it is induced by temporal information found only in speech. Stimuli were short word sequences (e.g., minor or child) appended to precursors that were clear speech, degraded speech (low-pass filtered or sinewave), or tone sequences, presented at a spoken rate and a slowed rate. Across three experiments, only precursors heard as intelligible speech generated a speech-rate effect (fewer reports of function words with a slowed context), suggesting that ratedependent speech processing can be domain specific.Keywords Speech rate . Spoken word recognition . Domain generality . Phonetic perception The perception of speech requires sensitivity to precise timing over multiple time scales. To identify and discriminate phonemes, listeners must be sensitive to differences in voice onset time (VOT) (Miller 1981;Port 1979), segment duration, and relative cue timing (e.g., trading relations; Best et al. 1981). To perceive lexical stress and syllabify words, listeners must be sensitive to durational differences across syllables (Reinisch et al. 2011a, b;Turk and Sawusch 1997; Turk and ShattuckHufnagel 2000). Although fluid communication requires the ability to perceive speech at different rates, little work has directly explored how speech rate contributes to the perception of spoken words.Dilley and Pitt (2010) argued that speech rate can be a valuable cue in spoken word recognition because it can partially compensate for the absence of other cues when the talker's speech is highly reduced, such as when speaking in a casual style. Function words (e.g., of, or, in) are particularly vulnerable to distortion because they are heavily coarticulated with surrounding words and can be very short in duration (50 ms). In particular, when the phonemes of a function word match those in the rhyme of the preceding word (e.g., minor or), the two words can blend together when heavily coarticulated, creating what can be considered an elongated production of the first word (e.g., minorrr). When looked at spectrographically, the words are spectrally indistinct, with no changes in frequency or amplitude that would normally signal a word boundary. For this reason, Dilley and Pitt (2010) argued that timing information from the surrounding context is a crucial cue that listeners use to perceive short function words. That is, context speech rate assists in determining whether the talker said minor or minor or.In an experimental set-up designed to elicit casual-style speech, Dilley and Pitt (2010) had talkers produce sentences containing two-word sequences that are prone to such blending (e.g., Anyone must be a minor or child to enter). They then took these productions and varied the speech...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate dependent speech processing can be speech specific: Evidence from the perceptual disappearance of words under changes in context speech rate

Pitt

Szostak

Dilley

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Barbosa 2002). Coupled oscillator models of speech rhythm (Barbosa 2006(Barbosa , 2007O'Dell and Nieminen 2009) usually utilise at least two universal oscillators, the syllabic oscillator and the phrase stress oscillator, that operate at distinct timescales (cf. Cummins and Port 1998;Tilsen 2009).…”

Section: Prosodic Annotation and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythmic structure effects on glottalisation: A study of different speech styles in Polish and German

Malisz

Żygis

Pompino-Marschall

2013

Laboratory Phonology

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"But the increasing interest in connected, more specifically spontaneous speech data bases has made it mandatory for researchers to enter into phonetics and phonology above the word in real-life communication, and it is in this domain that glottalisation phenomena abound." (Kohler 2001: 317) Abstract: The present paper examines glottal stops and the glottalisation of word-initial vowels in Polish and German. The presence of glottal marking is studied depending on speech style ('speech' vs. 'dialogue'), prominence, phrasal position, speech rate, word type, preceding segment, and following vowel height. A question is also posed about the extent to which glottal marking might be dependent on the rhythmic structure of a given language or style. We analyzed recordings of 18 Polish and German speakers. The results point to significant differences between the two languages. In German, glottal marking occurs significantly more often (63.4%) than in Polish (45%). Whereas in both languages (and both styles) the majority of prominent vowels are more often glottally marked than non-prominent vowels, in German word-initial non-prominent syllables are also marked relatively often. Regarding phrase position, glottal marking occurs significantly more often at the phrase-initial position compared to phrase-medial position in Polish, while no such difference has been found in German. In addition, it is shown that in both languages glottal marking is strongly dependent on the tongue height of the marked vowel: low vowels are more frequently glottalised than non-low vowels. Finally, glottal marking in Polish is more likely to occur when rhythmic variability shifts towards the 'indeterminate', strengthening the hypothesis that glottal marking facilitates perceptual grouping.

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“…A duração das vogais é considerada e não a das sílabas ou a das unidades V-V, o que constitui uma aproximação discutível do ritmo da fala (BARBOSA, 2007), mas as restrições inerentes ao corpus AMPER tornam impossível uma normalização estrita das influências intrínsecas dos fonemas; essas influências são controladas pela utilização das mesmas frases (e, portanto, dos mesmos fonemas), para todos os falantes. Sendo assim, neste trabalho observamos, com esta metodologia, padrões de alongamento e de redução da duração vocálica.…”

Section: Falantes Da Pesquisaunclassified

Prosódia de enunciados declarativos e interrogativos totais nas variedades de Salvador, Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro

Couto

Silva²,

Miranda

2017

RELIN

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Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever diferenças entre variedades dialetais do português falado em Salvador, Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, tanto nas sentenças declarativas quanto nas interrogativas. A análise de parâmetros prosódicos (frequência fundamental, duração, intensidade) é feita no núcleo final de sentenças oxítonas, paroxítonas e proparoxítonas. Há diferenças prosódicas sistemáticas entre as duas modalidades (declarativa e interrogativa): um tom alto ou subida de F0 no núcleo das interrogativas e, ao contrário, um tom baixo ou descida de F0 no núcleo das declarativas. Variações dialetais também são observadas. Os acentos tonais nucleares H + L*L% para as declarativas e L + H*L% para as interrogativas, propostos por Moraes (2008), são observados nos falantes do Rio de Janeiro -sendo este último truncado ou comprimido

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From syntax to acoustic duration: A dynamical model of speech rhythm production

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

Rate dependent speech processing can be speech specific: Evidence from the perceptual disappearance of words under changes in context speech rate

Rate dependent speech processing can be speech specific: Evidence from the perceptual disappearance of words under changes in context speech rate

Rhythmic structure effects on glottalisation: A study of different speech styles in Polish and German

Prosódia de enunciados declarativos e interrogativos totais nas variedades de Salvador, Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro

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