From research to evidence-informed decision making: a systematic approach

Poot, Charlotte C; Kleij, Rianne van der; Brakema, Evelyn A; Vermond, Debbie; Williams, Siân; Cragg, Liza; Broek, Jos M. van den; Chavannes, Niels H.

doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdx153

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Knowledge translation (KT) is “the synthesis, dissemination, exchange, and application of knowledge in an effort to improve health services and products and strengthen the health care system ” [ 5 ]. The process of KT aims to bridge the gap between research evidence generated by researchers and the use of this evidence by health professionals in their decision making regarding the adoption of health policies, practices, or programs [ 3 , 6 ]. Conceptual frameworks suggest that KT is a dynamic process that is inherently linked to the engagement of end users, including patients, policy makers, and health care professionals, to enhance the uptake of research via the creation, dissemination, and use of knowledge (research) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Technology-Enabled Knowledge Translation Strategies in Improving the Use of Research in Public Health: Systematic Review

Brown¹,

Barnes²,

Byaruhanga³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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Background Knowledge translation (KT) aims to facilitate the use of research evidence in decision making. Changes in technology have provided considerable opportunities for KT strategies to improve access and use of evidence in decision making by public health policy makers and practitioners. Despite this opportunity, there have been no reviews that have assessed the effects of digital technology-enabled KT (TEKT) in the field of public health. Objective This study aims to examine the effectiveness of digital TEKT strategies in (1) improving the capacity for evidence-based decision making by public health policy makers and practitioners, (2) changing public health policy or practice, and (3) changes in individual or population health outcomes. Methods A search strategy was developed to identify randomized trials assessing the effectiveness of digital TEKT strategies in public health. Any primary research study with a randomized trial design was eligible. Searches for eligible studies were undertaken in multiple electronic bibliographic databases (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online [MEDLINE], Excerpta Medica dataBASE [EMBASE], PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], and Scopus) and the reference lists of included studies. A hand search of 2 journals (Implementation Science and Journal of Medical Internet Research) and a gray literature search were also conducted. Pairs of independent review authors screened studies, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data from relevant studies. Results Of the 6819 citations screened, 8 eligible randomized trials were included in the review. The studies examined the impact of digital TEKT strategies on health professionals, including nurses, child care health consultants, physiotherapists, primary health care workers, and public health practitioners. Overall, 5 of the interventions were web-training programs. The remaining 3 interventions included simulation games, access to digital resource materials and the use of tailored messaging, and a web-based registry. The findings suggest that digital TEKT interventions may be effective in improving the knowledge of public health professionals, relative to control, and may be as effective as a face-to-face KT approach. The effectiveness of digital TEKT strategies relative to a control or other digital KT interventions on measures of health professional self-efficacy to use evidence to enhance practice behavior or behavioral intention outcomes was mixed. The evidence regarding the effects on changes to health policy or practice following exposure to digital TEKT was mixed. No trials assessed the effects on individual or population-level health outcomes. Conclusions This review is the first to synthesize the effectiveness of digital TEKT interventions in a public health setting. Despite its potential, relatively few trials have been undertaken to investigate the impacts of digital TEKT interventions. The findings suggest that although a digital TEKT intervention may improve knowledge, the effects of such interventions on other outcomes are equivocal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Technology-Enabled Knowledge Translation Strategies in Improving the Use of Research in Public Health: Systematic Review

Brown¹,

Barnes²,

Byaruhanga³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This contrasts with many training courses that are developed by experts in isolation, on the basis of assumptions about the context and learning needs of potential participants, and fails to take account of or build on participants' existing knowledge and attitudes. Previous studies have shown the importance of embedding skills development approaches in participants' context (Poot et al, ; Siron et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strategies shown to be effective in changing clinical practice are those that involve tailoring core messages for the local context, as well as the needs, level of understanding, and demands of the end user (Siron et al, ). Messages should be packaged in a way that is user‐friendly, familiar to the target audience, relevant, and understandable (Poot et al, ). It is also important to evaluate and address barriers to implementation (Vermond et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An educational intervention to update health workers about HIV and infant feeding

Horwood

Haskins

Goga

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Clinical guidelines are used to translate research findings into evidence‐based clinical practice but are frequently not comprehensively adopted by health workers (HWs). HIV and infant feeding guidelines were revised by the World Health Organization to align feeding advice for HIV‐exposed and unexposed infants, and these were adopted in South Africa in 2017. We describe an innovative, team‐based, mentoring programme developed to update HWs on these guidelines. The intervention was underpinned by strong theoretical frameworks and aimed to improve HWs' attitudes, knowledge, confidence, and skills about breastfeeding in the context of HIV. On‐site workshops and clinical mentoring used interactive participatory methods and a simple low‐tech approach, guided by participants' self‐reported knowledge gaps. Workshops were conducted at 24 participating clinics over three sessions, each lasting 1–2 hr. Evaluation data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire. Of 303 participating HWs, 249/303 (82.2%) attended all workshops. Achieving high workshop attendance was challenging and “catch‐up” sessions were required to achieve good coverage. Common knowledge gaps identified included antiretroviral therapy adherence monitoring during breastfeeding and management of viral load results (173 participants), management of breast conditions (79), and advice about expressing and storing breastmilk (64). Most participants reported all their knowledge gaps were addressed and anticipated that their practice would change. We describe a feasible, sustainable approach to updating HWs on HIV and infant feeding guidelines and improving skills in breastfeeding counselling in resource‐constrained settings. This approach could be adapted to other topics and, with further evaluation, implemented at scale using existing resources.

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“…The utilisation of knowledge that is generated from health research to inform and guide clinical practice is recognised as a high global priority. [1][2][3] The need for evidence-informed practice is recognised across multiple governments policymakers, and funding agencies in response to a rapidly expanding evidence base, the restructuring of health care, insufficient resources, and increased professional accountability. 4 Effective translation of knowledge has the potential to improve health outcomes and health services delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Translation of Health Research into Practice: A systematic review of reviews

Abu‐Odah¹,

Said²,

Nair³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Rationale, Aims, and Objectives Effective translation of knowledge that is generated from health research into clinical practice has the potential to enhance the quality of care, health services delivery, and its cost-effectiveness. Critical barriers limiting translation of health research into practice are embedded both at the individual and the organizational level. An understanding of the embedded facilitators and barriers will enable findings from health research to be implemented into practice in a timely way. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence from existing reviews about barriers and facilitators that influence the uptake of health research findings into clinical practice. Method A systematic review was conducted by following PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences, and CINAHL databases were searched to identify review papers published from inception to February 2020. The innovative care for chronic conditions was the analytical framework for data analysis. Results The search yielded ten publications. Translation of new evidence was limited predominantly by individual-related issues and less frequently organizational factors. Inadequate knowledge and skills of individuals to conduct, organize, utilize, and appraise research literature, and lack of resources were the primary individual and organizational challenges. This review also discloses mistrust by policymakers about the potential of research to translate into practice, affecting both the development of health policies and also systematic public investments for research programs. A sizable proportion of mistrust by the policymakers stems from their lack of knowledge for understanding research methods and limited skills in comparing research outcomes. To circumvent this barrier, identification and partnering with policymakers and health professionals at all stages of the research process, is critical. Conclusions Despite the challenges affecting the translation of research into practice, utilization of research evidence is critical to improving health services delivery and outcomes.

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From research to evidence-informed decision making: a systematic approach

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Effectiveness of Technology-Enabled Knowledge Translation Strategies in Improving the Use of Research in Public Health: Systematic Review

Effectiveness of Technology-Enabled Knowledge Translation Strategies in Improving the Use of Research in Public Health: Systematic Review

An educational intervention to update health workers about HIV and infant feeding

Optimizing Translation of Health Research into Practice: A systematic review of reviews

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