From orogen to passive margin: constraints from fission track and (U–Th)/He analyses on Mesozoic uplift and fault reactivation in SW Norway

Ksienzyk, Anna K.; Dunkl, İstván; Jacobs, Joachim; Fossen, Haakon; Kohlmann, Fabian

doi:10.1144/sp390.27

Cited by 47 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Two main tectonic units can be distinguished, the Precambrian basement (Øygarden Complex and Western Gneiss Region) and a series of Caledonian nappes (Fig. 2) (Ksienzyk et al, 2014 (Ragnhildstveit & Helliksen, 1997;Fossen & Dunlap, 2006;Fossen & Ragnhildstveit, 2008).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…comm. (2010; (4) Ksienzyk et al (2014); (5) Faerseth et al (1976), Løvlie & Mitchell (1982), Fossen & Dunlap (1999), Torsvik et al (1997); (6) Fossen et al (1997); (7) , ; (8) , 1993, , Pedersen et al (1995), Dahlgren et al (1996Dahlgren et al ( , 1998, Corfu & Dahlgren (2008); (9) Viola et al (2016); (10) Torgersen et al (2015), (11) Torsvik et al (1992), Eide et al (1997); (12) Andersen et al (1999). GF*…”

Section: Ytrebygdsvegen (Bg-115) and Terminalvegen (Bg-116)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without stratigraphic markers, it can be difficult to determine the amount and even the sense of offset, let alone the time of fault activity. Thermochronological studies help to reconstruct cooling histories of basement rocks and reveal periods of uplift and erosion or sedimentary burial (Andriessen & Bos, 1986;Rohrman et al, 1995;Leighton, 2007;Johannessen et al, 2013;Ksienzyk et al, 2014). Several of these studies (Leighton, 2007;Johannessen et al, 2013;Ksienzyk et al, 2014) show that the distribution of fission track and (U-Th)-He ages is strongly tectonically controlled and fault-bound blocks have distinct cooling histories from their neighbours, highlighting the significance of active fault tectonics throughout the Mesozoic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermochronological studies help to reconstruct cooling histories of basement rocks and reveal periods of uplift and erosion or sedimentary burial (Andriessen & Bos, 1986;Rohrman et al, 1995;Leighton, 2007;Johannessen et al, 2013;Ksienzyk et al, 2014). Several of these studies (Leighton, 2007;Johannessen et al, 2013;Ksienzyk et al, 2014) show that the distribution of fission track and (U-Th)-He ages is strongly tectonically controlled and fault-bound blocks have distinct cooling histories from their neighbours, highlighting the significance of active fault tectonics throughout the Mesozoic. Nonetheless, only two faults with cohesive fault rocks (the Dalsfjord and LaerdalGjende faults) have been dated to be of Permian and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous age (Torsvik et al, 1992;Eide et al, 1997;Andersen et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Ksienzyk¹,

Wemmer²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2016

NJG

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Post-Caledonian extension during orogenic collapse and Mesozoic rifting in the West Norway-northern North Sea region was accommodated by the formation and repeated reactivation of ductile shear zones and brittle faults. Offshore, the Late Palaeozoic-Mesozoic rift history is relatively well known; extension occurred mainly during two rift phases in the Permo-Triassic (Phase 1) and Mid-Late Jurassic (Phase 2). Normal faults in the northern North Sea, e.g., on the Horda Platform, in the East Shetland Basin and in the Viking Graben, were initiated or reactivated during both rift phases. Onshore, on the other hand, information on periods of tectonic activity is sparse as faults in crystalline basement rocks are difficult to date. KAr dating of illite that grows synkinematically in fine-grained fault rocks (gouge) can greatly help to determine the time of fault activity, and we apply the method to nine faults from the Bergen area. The K-Ar ages are complemented with X-ray diffraction analyses to determine the mineralogy, illite crystallinity and polytype composition of the samples. Based on these new data, four periods of onshore fault activity could be defined: (1) the earliest growth of fault-related illite in the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous (>340 Ma) marks the waning stages of orogenic collapse; (2) widespread latest Carboniferous-Mid Permian (305-270 Ma) fault activity is interpreted as the onset of Phase 1 rifting, contemporaneous with rift-related volcanism in the central North Sea and Oslo Rift; (3) a Late Triassic-Early Jurassic (215-180 Ma) period of onshore fault activity postdates Phase 1 rifting and predates Phase 2 rifting and is currently poorly documented in offshore areas; and (4) Early Cretaceous (120-110 Ma) fault reactivation can be linked either to late Phase 2 North Sea rifting or to North Atlantic rifting.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ytrebygdsvegen (Bg-115) and Terminalvegen (Bg-116)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Ksienzyk¹,

Wemmer²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2016

NJG

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“…It is possible that even the Late Triassic/Jurassic weathering imprint may have been preceded by a Carboniferous weathering phase. However, apatite fission-track analysis by Ksienzyk et al (2013) suggest that the basement at the southern Utsira High was not exposed until the Triassic. Furthermore, boreholes from the nearby Augvald graben (informal name) have not yet revealed sediments of Carboniferous age.…”

Section: Pre-upper Jurassicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered basement rocks on the Utsira High and its surroundings, Norwegian North Sea

Riber¹,

Dypvik²,

Sørlie³

2015

NJG

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As part of the recent discoveries on the Utsira High (Edvard Grieg and Johan Sverdrup fields), altered and fractured basement rocks were for the first time shown to act as a reservoir and possible migration paths for commercial hydrocarbon deposits on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Altered basement rocks are underlying the main Upper Jurassic reservoir rocks in Johan Sverdrup and the main Cretaceous, Jurassic and Triassic reservoir rocks in Edvard Grieg. In the present study, eighteen basement cores from the Utsira High have been classified and investigated for signs of alteration, including subaerial weathering. The results show highly variable basement composition, including metasandstones, phyllites, granites, granodiorites and gabbroic rocks. In core view most of the basement rocks show signs of a medium to high degree of fracturing. Alteration has taken place in most of the cores, ranging from slight discoloration to disintegration along fractures, and to total fragmentation of the rock. The fragmentation of the rock is commonly associated with the dissolution of primary minerals and precipitation of secondary clays in the newly formed pore space. The upwards increasing disintegration and increasing amount of clay observed in the basement rocks from two of the wells (16/3-4 and 16/1-15) indicate that subaerial weathering was the main alteration agent.

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Mega‐scale Moho relief and the structure of the lithosphere on the eastern flank of the Viking Graben, offshore southwestern Norway

et al. 2015

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The International Lithosphere Project deep reflection seismic survey in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea has been reprocessed, particularly focusing on the deep crust, the reflection Moho, and the upper mantle. The data display shifting reflection patterns of the crust and the upper mantle parallel to the eastern margin of the Viking Graben. In the upper crust, which is mainly seismically transparent by the processing techniques utilized here, large-scale structural features like detachment shear zones and master faults can be identified. Several of the major onshore faults and shear zones match seismic features in the seismic lines. Many of these structures acted as extensional shear zones in the Devonian. The middle crust is of variable reflectivity, whereas the lower crust is generally strongly reflective and is particularly so in the southern domain. The reflection Moho is identified throughout the study area but is of variable character. The presence of a S(E) dipping structure (Hardanger Moho Offset) that displaces the Moho by approximately 10 km, extends deep into the mantle (below the 50 km line depth), is positioned where the shallower Hardangerfjord Shear Zone, which flattens on the level of the middle crust, is situated. The Hardangerfjord Shear Zone/Hardanger Moho Offset-system coincides with change of the crustal thickness (depth to Moho), a change that also coincides with the transition from thin-to thick-skinned Caledonian deformation. Intramantle reflections are common in the study area, some of which are interpreted as shear zones, whereas others most likely represent magmatic intrusions.

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From orogen to passive margin: constraints from fission track and (U–Th)/He analyses on Mesozoic uplift and fault reactivation in SW Norway

Cited by 47 publications

References 74 publications

Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Post-Caledonian brittle deformation in the Bergen area, West Norway: results from K–Ar illite fault gouge dating

Altered basement rocks on the Utsira High and its surroundings, Norwegian North Sea

Mega‐scale Moho relief and the structure of the lithosphere on the eastern flank of the Viking Graben, offshore southwestern Norway

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