From natural hazard to environmental catastrophe: Past and present

Leroy, Suzanne A.G.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.05.012

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The rise in number of environmental catastrophes due to severe weather events in the last 50 years (Leroy, 2006) has further motivated scientists to better understand the impacts of global climate change on weather systems and phenomena (e.g. IPCC, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shamals and climate variability in the Northern Arabian/Persian Gulf from 1973 to 2012

Senafi

Anis

2015

Intl Journal of Climatology

140

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This paper presents key results from analysis of surface meteorological observations collected in the Northern Arabian/Persian Gulf (N Gulf; Kuwait, Bahrain, and NE Saudi Arabia), which spans a 40-years period . The first part of this study analyzes climate variability in the N Gulf, and relates them to teleconnection patterns (North Atlantic Oscillation, El Nino Southern Oscillation, and Indian Ocean Dipole). Results of the analysis indicate that during the study period the climate in the region experienced a general trend of increase in temperature (0.8 ∘ C), decrease in barometric pressure (1 mbar), reduction in humidity (6%), and decrease in visibility (9%). Significant correlations were found between the three teleconnection patterns and the meteorological conditions suggesting that seasonal variabilities in air temperature, barometric pressure, and precipitation are closely related to the teleconnection patterns. The second part of this study examines the 40-year variability of Shamal events (strong NW winds that commonly generate significant dust storms). The data suggests that on average Shamal events occur at a rate of 10 events year -1 with 85% of the events occurring during the summer and winter. The number of these events has increased in the past 14 years of the study period. These events resulted in abrupt changes in meteorological conditions: an increase in wind speed of 2.7 m s -1 , a decrease in visibility of 1.7 km, and reduction in humidity of 4.3%. Seasonal variations in temperature (an increase in temperature during summer of 0.8 ∘ C, and a decrease of 1.5 ∘ C during winter) and barometric pressure (a decrease in barometric pressure during summer of 0.6 mbar and an increase of 7.8 mbar during winter) were observed during Shamal events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shamals and climate variability in the Northern Arabian/Persian Gulf from 1973 to 2012

Senafi

Anis

2015

Intl Journal of Climatology

140

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“…Leroy [19] states that time, area, and socioeconomic characteristics tend to amplify the impact of natural disasters. Ho et al [20] show that the type of natural disaster is a good predictor of the scale of damage likely to be incurred as a direct consequence.…”

Section: Critical Factors For Bridge Resilience and Lood Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Additive Statistical Modeling Approach to the Analysis of Transport Infrastructure Flood Risk-Based Resilience

Mojtahedi¹,

Newton²,

Tahmasebinia³

2017

Flood Risk Management

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Australia is a very vulnerable region to lood events, and the frequency of lood events and damage has increased dramatically over the past decades. Although lood has impacted diverse types of buildings and built infrastructure, there has been limited research investigating lood risk management speciic to transport infrastructure in Australia and the factors that might inluence the resilience of the transport infrastructure to looding. To develop an appropriate design management system for roads and bridges speciic to risk assessment from looding requires a multitude of factors to be identiied and analyzed. In this study, we review the range of critical factors necessary to represent the resilience of bridges to extreme lood events and demonstrate a novel mathematical approach to evaluate the relationship between the bridge resilience and lood risk. We use additive statistical approach in arriving at a framework to evaluate the resilience of bridges. The indings conirm that metrological characteristics such as annual exceedance probability and probable maximum precipitation and structural integrity of the bridge represented by the structural age of the bridge and mechanical properties of the soils have a substantial impact on the resilience of the Australian transport infrastructure, particularly bridges located on main roads.

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“…Thus, we can see that Haiti endured an event predictable only on a long time scale, the tsunami in Asia might have been predicted based on a medium scale record, and Hurricane Katrina, though horrific in its impact, has already been followed by other storms on a shortterm, annual cycle. In the past few years, the world has witnessed many such "natural" disasters whose effects were exacerbated by pre-existing interrelated social and environmental conditions (Leroy 2006).…”

Section: Introduction: Sustainable Lifewaysmentioning

confidence: 99%