From nano to macro: Enabling Nanotechnologies for Human Organ Biofabrication (Electrospun Nanofibers and Hybrid Technique)

Abstract

This review proposes to present how materials at nanolevel scale can contribute to the development of three-dimensional (3D) structures, human tissues, and organs which have macrolevel organization. Specific nanomaterials such as nanofibers and nanoparticles are presented and discussed in their application for biofabricating 3D human tissues and organs. The concept of self-assembling magnetic tissue spheroids as an intermediate mesolevel structure between nano and macrolevel organization and building blocks for biofabrication in dual scale level of complex 3D human tissues and organs is detached. The challenges and perspectives of employing nanomaterials and nanotechnological strategies in the biofabrication were also traced.

In vitro anti-trypanosomal activity of 3-(aryl)-6-piperazin1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines-loaded ultrathin polymeric particles: effect of polymer type and particle size

“…Alternatively, the resulting pH in solution was measured from NP exposed at 37 °C for different times (6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h). 32…”

Progress on the Fabrication and Application of Electrospun Nanofiber Composites

“…Hybrid nanofiber-based membranes refer to membranes that are made up of two or more layers of either all nanofiber layers or a combination of nanofibers and casted or polymerized layers. For the hybrid fabrication process, successive electrospinning (two nozzles, coaxial, and rotational) of two or more polymers has been the common method to use due to its simplicity, speed, and cost-effectiveness [ 37 , 38 ]. This results in a build-up of nanofiber layers on top of each other that may have different properties, such as the production of Janus nanofiber membranes (i.e., two sides of the membrane have different wettability).…”