From meiosis to postmeiotic events: The secrets of histone disappearance

Gaucher, Jonathan; Reynoird, Nicolas; Montellier, Emilie; Boussouar, Fayçal; Rousseaux, Sophie; Khochbin, Saadi

doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07504.x

Cited by 152 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…H1.4K34ac levels are high in the majority of immature germ cells (spermatogonia) and meiotic spermatocytes, but disappear at the postmeiotic round spermatid stage. Interestingly, we observed high levels of H1.4K34ac in the elongating spermatids (coinciding with chromatin reorganization) (Gaucher et al 2010) and a loss of signal in condensing spermatids and spermatozoa (Fig. 4A,B).…”

Section: H14k34ac Shows a Dynamic Behavior During Human Spermatogenementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Dramatic changes in chromatin structure and in core histone modifications also occur during spermatogenesis: In maturating spermatids, histones are replaced by transition proteins and, later on, protamines (Gaucher et al 2010). To study this differentiation process, we performed immunohistochemistry of biopsies from human testis and found that H1.4K34ac shows a dynamic behavior during spermatogenesis ( Fig.…”

Section: H14k34ac Shows a Dynamic Behavior During Human Spermatogenementioning

confidence: 99%

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A dual role of linker histone H1.4 Lys 34 acetylation in transcriptional activation

Kamieniarz¹,

Izzo²,

Dundr³

et al. 2012

Genes Dev.

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The linker histone H1 is a key player in chromatin organization, yet our understanding of the regulation of H1 functions by post-translational modifications is very limited. We provide here the first functional characterization of H1 acetylation. We show that H1.4K34 acetylation (H1.4K34ac) is mediated by GCN5 and is preferentially enriched at promoters of active genes, where it stimulates transcription by increasing H1 mobility and recruiting a general transcription factor. H1.4K34ac is dynamic during spermatogenesis and marks undifferentiated cells such as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and testicular germ cell tumors. We propose a model for H1.4K34ac as a novel regulator of chromatin function with a dual role in transcriptional activation.

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Section: H14k34ac Shows a Dynamic Behavior During Human Spermatogenementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: H14k34ac Shows a Dynamic Behavior During Human Spermatogenementioning

confidence: 99%

A dual role of linker histone H1.4 Lys 34 acetylation in transcriptional activation

Kamieniarz¹,

Izzo²,

Dundr³

et al. 2012

Genes Dev.

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“…Compared with standard histones, histone variants have a lower degrees of stability. [30] In testis, in addition to testis-specific histone variants, somatic histone variants are also expressed. In mature sperm, the most frequently testis-specific histone H2B is found.…”

Section: Sperm Histone Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They involve in 12., and 13. stages of spermatogenesis, but leave the process at 14. stage. [30] These proteins stick to DNA, and thus play critical roles in separation of histone variants, and later condensation by protamine. [46] Then TPs are totally replaced by protamines.…”

Section: Modification Of Chromatin During Spermatogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of epigenetics in spermatogenesis

Güneş

Kulac

2014

Turkish Journal of Urology

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Male germ cells have a unique morphology and function to facilitate fertilization. Sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is highly condensed to protect the paternal genome during transfer from male to oocyte. Sperm cells undergo extensive epigenetic modifications during differentiation to become a mature spermatozoon. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are substantial regulators of spermatogenesis. DNA hypermethylation is associated with gene silencing. Meanwhile, hypomethylation is associated with gene expression. In sperm cells, promoters of developmental genes are highly hypomethylated. Proper DNA methylation is essential for embryo development. Histone modifications are chemical modifications that change the DNA-binding capacity of histones and the accessibility of regulatory factors to the DNA, thereby altering gene expression. Phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination are primary modifications of lysine and serine residues on histone tails. In addition to somatic histones, testis-specific histone variants are expressed, including histone H2B in mature sperm. The replacement of histones with protamines is a crucial step in spermatogenesis. Histone hyperacetylation induces a loose chromatin structure and facilitates topoisomerase-induced DNA strand breaks. As a result, histones are replaced with transition proteins. Next, the transition proteins are replaced with protamines that induce compaction of sperm DNA. This review provides an overview of epigenetic changes during spermatogenesis.

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“…Le fait marquant de cette différenciation post-méiotique est la disparition des nucléosomes 1 , unités universelles d'organisation et d'empaquetage des génomes chez les eucaryotes. La disparition des histones, les constituants des nucléosomes, au cours de la spermiogenèse et leur remplacement par des petites protéines basiques nonhistones, les protéines de transition et les protamines ont été précédemment décrits [1]. Cette transformation globale de l'organisation du génome dans les cellules germinales mâles a comme objectif la compaction extrême de celuici avant le voyage du spermatozoïde afin d'assurer sa protection lors de cette période à risque pour son intégrité.…”

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