From Hacienda to Family Farm: Changes in Environment and Society in Pimampiro, Ecuador

Preston, David A.

doi:10.2307/635433

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Contrary to the expectations of the forest transition thesis, the departure of young people has not led to an increase in land abandonment. As in other Andean regions (Preston 1998b), the absence of a landuse effect from emigration stems from the labor-saving nature of cattle-ranching. Aside from pulling the cattle into fresh pasture twice a day, cattle-ranching on established farms does not require much labor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Unlike the case with earlier forest transitions, in modern ones people rarely allow fields to revert to forest without having an income-generating plan, such as fallowing the land for future cash-cropping or enriching a regenerating forest by planting commercially valuable trees. David Preston has found evidence for this mix of livelihood and landscape change in diverse locales, in rural Java (Preston 1989), interior Luzon (Preston 1998a), and highland Ecuador (Preston 1990). In Ecuador, in a pattern consistent with temperate forest transitions, peripheral lands have reforested first.…”

Section: The Forest Transition Thesismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recent analyses of land-cover changes in long-settled regions of Brazil (Moran, Brondizio, and Mausel 1994), Mexico (Klooster 2000), Malaysia (Brookfield 1994), and the Philippines (Preston 1998a) report fields reverting to forests. Thus, a similar turnaround may conceivably be beginning in countries undergoing urbanization and industrialization in the tropics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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A Tropical Forest Transition? Agricultural Change, Out-migration, and Secondary Forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Rudel¹,

Bates²,

Machinguiashi³

2002

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

298

204

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Could old colonization zones in the urbanizing and industrializing countries of Latin America become sites for a tropical forest transition in which reforestation becomes more prevalent than deforestation? We try to answer this question through a case study of land-use change and migration since 1985 in a long-settled region of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Data from remote sensing analyses, household surveys, and land-use maps of individual farms reveal two disparate patterns of reforestation in the region, one on peripheral lands far from roads and the other on lands close to roads. The former pattern characterizes most places experiencing a forest transition; the latter pattern does not. Roadside reforestation has occurred in part because Amerindian smallholders have abandoned cattle ranching in order to practice short-cycle shifting cultivation of crops for expanding urban and export markets. This example suggests that tropical forest transitions may differ from earlier temperate forest transitions in that reforestation does not signify land abandonment. Even as they come to rely more completely on nonfarm sources of income, smallholders in developing countries continue to manage their land, reforesting when it eliminates expenses or promises new, near-term streams of income.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Forest Transition Thesismentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Tropical Forest Transition? Agricultural Change, Out-migration, and Secondary Forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Rudel¹,

Bates²,

Machinguiashi³

2002

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

298

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides these changes, which have been widely discussed, we suggest that Bebbington's notion of restoring natural capital can be more widely applied, as has been previously described for localities in Java and Ecuador (Preston 1989;1990). While a recent survey of environmental changes in South-East Asia (Parnwell & Bryant 1996) focuses largely on deterioration of the environment in tropical forested areas, in long-settled land there is also evidence of environmental improvements as a direct consequence of the processes referred to above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Changed Household Livelihood Strategies in the Cordillera of Luzon

Preston

1998

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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This paper identi®es and discusses changes in land use and livelihood strategies in two communities on different sides of the Cordillera of Luzon, the Philippines. These include the abandonment of shifting cultivation on many hillsides, the growing of vegetables in pond®elds previously used for rice cultivation and the deterioration of pond®eld terraces as a result of water and labour shortages. It seeks some explanation of these changes by examining the complex web of activities in which Cordillera households are now involved.

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“…La parroquia ocupa una zona de 134 km 2 a una altitud de entre 2.080 y 4.000 m. El 60 % de la población de Mariano Acosta se identifica como indígena (principalmente Kichwa Karanki) y el 40 % como mestiza. Como consecuencia de las luchas históricas en la región, la mayoría de los indígenas Kichwa Karanki están en la región montañosa, los mestizos se concentran en la zona media y en las altitudes inferiores de la municipalidad, mientras que las comunidades negras están localizadas en los valles del río Chota (Preston, 1990). La agricultura es la actividad económica principal.…”

Section: El Proyecto De Riego Comunitario En La Zona De Mariano Acostaunclassified

Hacia La Soberania Alimentaria, Entre La Reorganizacion Institucional Y La Iniciativa Local. El Proyecto Comunitario De Riego De Mariano Acosta (Ecuador)

Récalt

Valony²

2018

CGUV

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ResumenEcuador es una de las primeras naciones que ha incorporado en su texto constitucional el concepto de soberanía alimentaria. En su Carta Magna de 2008, el artículo 281 señala que la soberanía alimentaria constituye un objetivo estratégico y una obligación, y el artículo 282 requiere que el Estado prohíba el acaparamiento o la privatización del agua. En este contexto, la gestión y la regulación de los recursos hídricos han generado divergencias entre las autoridades centrales y las comunidades rurales.La aprobación de la Ley de Aguas de 2014 ha avivado estas discrepancias. A través del análisis del proyecto comunitario de Mariano Acosta en la provincia de Imbabura, este artículo cuestiona si los proyectos y las normas de riego promovidas por las agencias gubernamentales pueden ser compatibles con las posibilidades de las comunidades campesinas para alcanzar la «soberanía alimentaria». Los resultados muestran que cada uno de los actores implicados parece perseguir agendas distintas.Palabras clave: riego comunitario; soberanía alimentaria; reparto del agua. Abstract TOWARDS FOOD SOVEREIGNTY, BETWEEN THE INSTITUTIONAL REORGANIZATION AND THE LOCAL INITIATIVE. THE COMMUNITY IRRIGATION PROJECT OF MARIANO ACOSTA (ECUADOR)Ecuador is one of the first nations that has incorporated in its constitutional text the concept of «food sovereignty». In its 2008 Magna Carta, Article 281 states that food sovereignty is a strategic objective and an obligation, and Article 282 requires the State to prohibit the hoarding or privatization of water.In this context, the management and regulation of water resources have caused divergences between central authorities and rural communities. The approval of the Water Law of 2014 has increased these discrepancies. Through the analysis of Mariano Acosta's community project in the province of Imbabura, this article questions whether irrigation regulations promoted by government agencies can be compatible with the possibilities of peasant communities to achieve «food sovereignty». The resultsshow that each one of the agents follow their own agendas.

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From Hacienda to Family Farm: Changes in Environment and Society in Pimampiro, Ecuador

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

A Tropical Forest Transition? Agricultural Change, Out-migration, and Secondary Forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon

A Tropical Forest Transition? Agricultural Change, Out-migration, and Secondary Forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon

Changed Household Livelihood Strategies in the Cordillera of Luzon

Hacia La Soberania Alimentaria, Entre La Reorganizacion Institucional Y La Iniciativa Local. El Proyecto Comunitario De Riego De Mariano Acosta (Ecuador)

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