From frontier governance to governance frontier: The political geography of Brazil’s Amazon transition

Thaler, Gregory M.; Viana, Cecilia Fadigas; Toni, Fabiano

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.09.022

Cited by 59 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…O desmatamento na Amazônia brasileira teve início (taxas significativas) entre os anos de 1960de e 1970de (Arraes et al, 2012Thaler et al, 2019). As maiores taxas de floresta desmatada foram entre 1995 a 2005, onde cerca de 225.312 km² de florestas foram desmatadas (INPE, 2019), e até 2018, cerca de 436.621 km², o que equivale cerca de 8% de sua cobertura original (INPE, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Padrões e causas do desmatamento no Baixo Acre, região oeste da Amazônia brasileira

Duarte

Brito

Silva

et al. 2020

J. Env. Anal. Progr.

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A B S T R A C TThe dynamics of deforestation vary over time and geographical location and is strongly associated with several intrinsic factors of each region, such as economy, soil management and cultural aspects. Understanding the patterns of deforestation in a regional nature is of fundamental importance, since it enables the creation of goals that seek development based on conservationist practices. This study evaluated the temporal and spatial patterns of deforestation in the region of Baixo Acre, in the western Brazilian Amazon, and the relationship with a set of socio-economic and demographic factors associated with human development in the region. For this, we used annual data on deforestation in the region between the years 2000 to 2018 obtained from PRODES, as well as socioeconomic data for the same period provided by the SIDRA. The data were specialized with the use of Geographic Information System-GIS and evaluated through Principal Component Analysis-PCA. The results obtained indicate that the highest forest losses occurred between the years 2000 to 2004. The spatial distribution showed that these losses occurred mainly in the eastern region, where the largest rural settlements in the state of Acre are concentrated. In these locations, deforestation was 17% higher when compared to vacant areas. The PCA suggests that the largest contributions to deforestation in the region are related to the population increase and cattle herd in the state capital, while in the inland municipalities, the price of beef presented the highest relation to deforestation rates. R E S U M OA dinâmica de desmatamento varia ao longo do tempo e no espaço, e está fortemente associado a diversos fatores intrínsecos de cada região, tais como a economia, manejo do solo e aspectos culturais. Compreender os padrões do desmatamento em caráter regional é de fundamental importância, uma vez que possibilita traçar metas que buscam o desenvolvimento embasado em práticas conservacionistas. Esse estudo avaliou os padrões temporais e espaciais do desmatamento na região do Baixo Acre, no oeste da Amazônia brasileira, e a relação com um conjunto de fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos associados ao desenvolvimento humano na região. Para isso, foram utilizados dados anuais sobre o desmatamento na região entre os anos 2000 a 2018 obtidos junto ao PRODES, bem como dados socioeconômicos para o mesmo período disponibilizados pelo SIDRA. Os dados foram especializados com uso do Sistema de Informações Geográficas-SIG e avaliados por meio de Análise de Componentes Principais-ACP. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as maiores perdas de floresta ocorreram entre os anos de 2000 a 2004. A distribuição espacial mostrou que essas perdas ocorreram principalmente na região leste, onde se concentram os Journal of Environmental Analysis and Progress V. 05 N. 01 (2020) 117-127Duarte, M.L.; Brito, W.B.M.; Silva, T.A.; Castro, A.L. Planejamento. Rio Branco. 176p. Ângelo, H.; Pereira de Sá, S. P. 2007. O desflorestamento na Amazônia Brasileira. Cochrane, M. A.; So...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Padrões e causas do desmatamento no Baixo Acre, região oeste da Amazônia brasileira

Duarte

Brito

Silva

et al. 2020

J. Env. Anal. Progr.

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“…In this paper, we analyze two contrasting initiatives in the Brazilian municipalities of Paragominas and São Félix do Xingu. Municipal-level initiatives have been in place in the Brazilian Amazon at least since the late 2000s, when some municipalities were targeted by federal government strategies to reduce deforestation (Thaler et al, 2019). This was triggered by Brazil's highest deforesters list that defined priority municipalities in order to tackle deforestation more effectively, through command-and-control actions such as credit restrictions and field-based law enforcement (Cisneros et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons for Jurisdictional Approaches From Municipal-Level Initiatives to Halt Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

Brandão

Piketty

Poccard-Chapuis³

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Jurisdictional approaches have become popular in international forums as promising strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by deforestation and to guarantee sustainable commodity supply. Yet, despite their growing popularity, up to now, there is little consensus on how such approaches should move forward in specific jurisdictions. In this paper we examine two contrasting municipal-level case studies in the eastern Amazonian state of Pará where jurisdiction-wide efforts are underway to reduce deforestation. By developing detailed forest governance intervention timelines since 2005, conducting semi-structured interviews with key informants, analyzing municipal deforestation trends, plus extensive examination of project reports, governmental documents and other secondary sources, this paper performs two main analyses. First, it characterizes the processes in each municipality by linking context and forest governance intervention timelines to deforestation trends. Second it provides a systematic comparison of processes based on (1) the role of the government, (2) multi-stakeholder participation and inclusiveness, (3) adaptive management, (4) horizontal and vertical coordination, and (5) alignment of public and private (supply-chain) initiatives. In so doing, this article answers some of the imperative questions on how to implement and improve jurisdictional approaches aimed at halting deforestation in the tropics.

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“…Scientists and policymakers have worked for decades to understand the causes of forest loss and to develop effective interventions (e.g., World Resources Institute, 1997;Lambin et al, 2003;Nepstad, 2005;Kissinger et al, 2012). While past efforts have helped to reduce deforestation in some areas (Nepstad et al, 2014;Thaler et al, 2019) and have improved the science of forest conservation (Puri et al, 2016;Min-Venditti et al, 2017), more effective approaches are needed to address the continued and widespread loss of IFs. Current research priorities include improved understanding of the causes of IF loss (Heino et al, 2015) and the development of more evidence to inform the design of place-based forest conservation efforts (Puri et al, 2016;Min-Venditti et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserving the Last Great Forests: A Meta-Analysis Review of the Drivers of Intact Forest Loss and the Strategies and Policies to Save Them

Scullion

Vogt

Drahota³

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

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The conservation of Earth's remaining intact forests (IFs) is a global priority, but improved understanding of the causes and solutions to IF loss is urgently needed to improve conservation efforts. This meta-analysis examines 207 case studies of IF loss occurring since 1970 to synthesize the drivers of IF loss and the proposed case-specific interventions. The goal of this study is to build a portfolio of conservation best practices for retaining IFs. The most frequently reported direct drivers of IF loss were logging, agriculture, ranching, and infrastructure expansion. Mining and fire were also prominent threats to IFs in selected areas. Indirect drivers of IF loss varied between continents, with high demographic pressures driving forest loss in Latin America, Asia, and Africa, contrasting with North America and Europe-Russia. Indirect economic and socio-political drivers were most frequently reported at the national scale for all continents studied, indicating a central role for national institutions in IF loss and conservation. Decisive sociopolitical factors underlying IF loss worldwide include political failures, institutional failures, and pro-development policies. A wide range of interventions were recommended in the case studies to conserve IFs. The proposed actions were most frequently within the forest, finance, and education and science sectors, and also emphasized inter-sectoral activities. Based on the results of this study, three core approaches to IF conservation that can be combined at the landscape scale are identified: protected areas, payments for ecosystem services, and agricultural reforms. Related enabling conditions include cooperative landscape management, effective enforcement, and political advocacy. The success of IF conservation efforts ultimately depends on sustained political support and the prioritization of high-value forest landscapes. Such efforts should mitigate socioeconomic pressures through policy mixes that are cross-sectoral and place-based. Key policy priorities for IF conservation include addressing the systemic failures of public institutions, increasing political support for IF conservation, and countering harmful development activities.

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From frontier governance to governance frontier: The political geography of Brazil’s Amazon transition

Cited by 59 publications

References 69 publications

Padrões e causas do desmatamento no Baixo Acre, região oeste da Amazônia brasileira

Padrões e causas do desmatamento no Baixo Acre, região oeste da Amazônia brasileira

Lessons for Jurisdictional Approaches From Municipal-Level Initiatives to Halt Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

Conserving the Last Great Forests: A Meta-Analysis Review of the Drivers of Intact Forest Loss and the Strategies and Policies to Save Them

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