From Corrections to Communities as an HIV Priority

Vlahov, David; Putnam, Sara

doi:10.1007/s11524-006-9041-x

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with previous research, this study highlights the months following release from incarceration as a high-risk period for drug use and sexual risk behaviors [11,[42][43][44][45]. Women in this sample released from incarceration 1-6 months ago were more likely to have engaged in illicit drug use and transactional sex than women who were never incarcerated or released more distally.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Time Since Release from Incarceration and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Women: The Potential Protective Role of Committed Partners During Re-entry

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After release from incarceration, former female inmates face considerable stressors, which may influence drug use and other risk behaviors that increase risk for HIV infection. Involvement in a committed partnership may protect women against re-entry stressors that may lead to risky behaviors. This study measured the association between time since release from incarceration (1-6 months ago, and >6 months ago versus never incarcerated) and HIV risk behaviors and evaluated whether these associations differed by involvement in a committed partnership. Women released within the past 6 months were significantly more likely to have smoked crack cocaine, used injection drugs and engaged in transactional sex in the past month compared to never-incarcerated women and women released more distally. Stratified analyses indicated that incarceration within the past 6 months was associated with crack cocaine smoking, injection drug use and transactional sex among women without a committed partner yet unassociated with these risk behaviors among those with a committed partner.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Time Since Release from Incarceration and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Women: The Potential Protective Role of Committed Partners During Re-entry

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The development of HIV/STI prevention efforts aimed at short-term jail incarcerations, reentry, and community settings will create a continuum of HIV prevention that reflects the complexity and breadth of the US criminal justice system. [57][58][59] Building this HIV prevention continuum will require innovative collaborative efforts between criminal justice and community-based entities and the HIV prevention community. 60 This approach is likely to improve the effectiveness of the criminal justice system in its stated goals of public safety and rehabilitation by bettering the public health of individuals and communities disproportionately impacted by involvement in the criminal justice system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Temporal Relationship Between Criminal Justice Involvement and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Drug-Involved Men

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although criminal justice involvement has repeatedly been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infection prevalence and sexual risk behaviors, few studies have examined whether arrest or incarceration uniquely contributes to sexually risky behavior. We examined the temporal relationship between criminal justice involvement and subsequent sexual HIV risk among men in methadone maintenance treatment in New York City. A random sample of 356 men was interviewed at baseline (time 1), 6-month (time 2), and 12-month (time 3) followups. Propensity score matching, negative binomial, and multiple logistic regression were used to isolate and test the effect of time 2 arrest and incarceration on time 3 sexual risk behaviors. Incidence of time 2 criminal justice involvement was 20.1% for arrest and 9.4% for incarceration in the prior 6 months. Men who were arrested at time 2 demonstrated increased number (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRR]=1.62; 95% confidence intervals [CI]=1.11, 2.37) and proportion (IRR=1.36; 95% CI=1.07, 1.72) of unprotected vaginal sex acts at time 3. Men incarcerated at time 2 displayed increased number (IRR=2.07; 95% CI=1.23, 3.48) and proportion (IRR=1.45; 95% CI=1.06, 1.99) of unprotected vaginal sex acts at time 3. Within this sample of druginvolved men, arrest and incarceration are temporally associated with and may uniquely impact successive sexual risk-taking. Findings underscore the importance of HIV prevention interventions among individuals with low-intensity criminal justice involvement. Developing prevention efforts aimed at short-term incarceration, community reentry, and alternatives to incarceration settings will address a large and underresearched segment of the criminal justice population. Alternative approaches to current criminal justice policy may result in public health benefits.

show abstract

“…[15][16][17][18] The likelihood of sex resulting in transmission of HIV depends on the prevalence of HIV in the prison population and the frequency of sex and injection drug use. [19][20][21][22] An infection acquired or maintained during incarceration is likely to be infused into a community upon release from prison. HIV-infected men released from prison are unlikely to tell new sexual partners of their infection or to use a condom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incarceration and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Neighborhood Perspective

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The social dynamics of some communities are affected by the loss of significant numbers of people to prison and by the release of others who encounter the challenge of coping with the negative effects of the incarceration experience. The effects on communities are evident, in part, in the high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in North Carolina (NC) counties that have a high rate of incarceration. In the present study, we examined whether the same associations can be observed at the census tract level in one urban city of NC. To identify the mechanisms by which incarceration can affect the transmission of STIs, we conducted ethnographic interviews with ex-offenders and people who lost a sexual partner to prison. We found that census tract rates of incarceration were consistently associated with gonorrhea rates in the subsequent year. An increase of the percentage of census tract person-time spent in prison from 2.0% to 2.5% corresponded to a gonorrhea rate increase of 7.1 cases per 100,000 person-years. The people interviewed spoke of sexual partnership changes including those left behind finding new partners, in part for help in making financial ends meet; men having sex with men for the first time in prison; and having multiple new partners upon reentry to the community. The statistical associations and stories of the effects of incarceration on sexual relationships provide additional evidence of unintended community health consequences of high rates of incarceration.

show abstract

From Corrections to Communities as an HIV Priority

Cited by 28 publications

References 77 publications

Time Since Release from Incarceration and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Women: The Potential Protective Role of Committed Partners During Re-entry

Time Since Release from Incarceration and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Women: The Potential Protective Role of Committed Partners During Re-entry

Examining the Temporal Relationship Between Criminal Justice Involvement and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Drug-Involved Men

Incarceration and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Neighborhood Perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About