From ancient herb to modern drug: Artemisia annua and artemisinin for cancer therapy

Efferth, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.02.009

Cited by 427 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…are a group of sesquiterpene lactones famous for their antimalarial efficacy . In addition to their well‐established therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity in the treatment of malaria, these compounds have also been proved effective in fighting cancers . Studies on the pharmaceutical action of artemisinins on cancers have revealed a plethora of mechanisms (e.g., oxidative damage, DNA damage, interfering gene expression) and signaling pathways (e.g., mTOR, NF‐κB, mitogen‐activated protein kinases, Wnt/β‐catenin).…”

Section: Ferroptosis Inducers For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Ferroptosis Inducers for Cancer Therapy

et al. 2019

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Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death that is the nexus between metabolism, redox biology, and human health. Emerging evidence shows the potential of triggering ferroptosis for cancer therapy, particularly for eradicating aggressive malignancies that are resistant to traditional therapies. Recently, there has been a great deal of effort to design and develop anticancer drugs based on ferroptosis induction. Recent advances of ferroptosis‐inducing agents at the intersection of chemistry, materials science, and cancer biology are presented. The basis of ferroptosis is summarized first to highlight the feasibility and characteristics of triggering ferroptosis for cancer therapy. A literature review of ferroptosis inducers (including small molecules and nanomaterials) is then presented to delineate their design, action mechanisms, and anticancer applications. Finally, some considerations for research on ferroptosis inducers are spotlighted, followed by a discussion on the challenges and future development directions of this burgeoning field.

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Section: Ferroptosis Inducers For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Ferroptosis Inducers for Cancer Therapy

et al. 2019

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“…Therapeutic strategies of drug repositioning are targeting autophagy to induce cancer cell death . Artemisinin and its derivatives induce autophagy in numerous studies, along with the formation of autophagosome markers during the conversion of LC3 to its lipidated form. In contrast, some studies have shown that artemisinin exerts an inhibitory effect on autophagy, inhibiting autophagosome turnover and causing the perinuclear clustering of autophagosomes, endosomes, and lysosomes .…”

Section: Autophagy Regulation By Artemisinin and Its Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulating evidence demonstrates that artemisinin induces cytotoxicity in a wide range of cancers in vitro and in vivo . Known examples include liver, gastric, colorectal, lung, breast, cervical, ovarian, and esophageal cancers among others . In vivo, many human tumor xenograft models also show the anticancer effect of artemisinin in both subcutaneously and orthotopically transplanted tumors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that both of these drugs are clinically approved and known to be well tolerated, this combination represents a strategy that could potentially be quickly and safely adapted to clinical trials. The mechanism of activation of artemisinin (Figure ) and its derivatives against cancer is summarized and can be attributed to the following aspects: cell cycle arrest, ROS production, oxidative stress, DNA damage, antiangiogenesis, cell apoptosis, and autophagy . The reason for this is that artemisinin compounds exert their antitumor activity not through specific targets, which was demonstrated in an investigation of the anticancer properties of ART and a total of 304 proteins identified as its targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeting autophagy enhances the anticancer effect of artemisinin and its derivatives

Sun

Yan

Zou

et al. 2019

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Artemisinin and its derivatives, with their outstanding clinical efficacy and safety, represent the most effective and impactful antimalarial drugs. Apart from its antimalarial effect, artemisinin has also been shown to exhibit selective anticancer properties against multiple cancer types both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, our previous studies highlighted the therapeutic effects of artemisinin on autophagy regulation. Autophagy is a well‐conserved degradative process that recycles cytoplasmic contents and organelles in lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. The deregulation of autophagy is often observed in cancer cells, where it contributes to tumor adaptation to nutrient‐deficient tumor microenvironments. This review discusses recent advances in the anticancer properties of artemisinin and its derivatives via their regulation of autophagy, mitophagy, and ferritinophagy. In particular, we will discuss the mechanisms of artemisinin activation in cancer and novel findings regarding the role of artemisinin in regulating autophagy, which involves changes in multiple signaling pathways. More importantly, with increasing failure rates and the high cost of the development of novel anticancer drugs, the strategy of repurposing traditional therapeutic Chinese medicinal agents such as artemisinin to treat cancer provides a more attractive alternative. We believe that the topics covered here will be important in demonstrating the potential of artemisinin and its derivatives as safe and potent anticancer agents.

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“…In order to prevent resistance in parasites artemisinin may be used in combination with other anti-malarial drugs (AMD'S). But, because of unanticipated cases of hepatotoxicity, combinations 250 of artemisinin-type drugs with other medicines are not recommended without cofirmed clinical trials [85,86]. The glandular trichomes of the leaves sequester artemisinin but, due to the low and variable quantity the demand of the pharmaceutical industries cannot be met from the current plant yields [87].…”

Section: Artemisia Annua L (Sweet Wormwood Sweet Annie Annual Wormmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Artemisia Genus: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties and Germplasm Conservation

Koul¹,

Taak²

2018

J Glycomics Lipidomics

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From ancient herb to modern drug: Artemisia annua and artemisinin for cancer therapy

Cited by 427 publications

References 227 publications

Recent Progress in Ferroptosis Inducers for Cancer Therapy

Recent Progress in Ferroptosis Inducers for Cancer Therapy

Targeting autophagy enhances the anticancer effect of artemisinin and its derivatives

The Artemisia Genus: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties and Germplasm Conservation

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