Friction properties of high elastic materials

Бартенев, Г. М.; El'kin, A.I.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(65)90246-2

Cited by 47 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It was also found that the AF increases with temperature at high loads (Figure 17B) but peaks at some lower temperature at low loads (Figure 17A,C). This is consistent with previous results on the complex of temperature and load on the kinetic friction4' [40][41][42] and adhesion hysteresis43 of surfactant and polymer surfaces, and also with eq 10, which predicts that the viscoelastic energy dissipation of polymer fluids may peak at some particular temperature and/or pressure. This phenomenon is fairly general and is illustrated schematically in Figure 19 as it appears to apply to the present system of a hexadecane film between two solid surfaces (we note that the magnitude of AF is a measure of the initial frictional energy dissipation).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These, and other parameters describing the dynamic transitions between these two states, such as the critical velocity, critical temperature and critical nucleation time, are highly correlated with each other-similar to the correlations observed between various viscoelastic properties of polymer fluids (described by the WLF equation39) and obeying the principle of time-temperature superposition. Some of these correlations can be represented on dynamic friction phase diagrams (see Figure 19 and refs 4, [40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. 2. Stick-slip friction of spherical and chain molecules

Yoshizawa¹,

1993

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. 2. Stick-slip friction of spherical and chain molecules

Yoshizawa¹,

1993

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“…He found that the fall in friction at high sliding speeds corresponded to a similar fall as temperature was reduced. He thus invoked time-temperature transformation to suggest that at high sliding speeds, the polymer's mechanical properties close to the interface changed to become similar to its properties at its glass transition temperature [75].…”

Section: Polymer Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Friction versus log(sliding speed) for a vulcanised styrenebutadiene copolymer rubbed against polished steel at 40 °C and 0.65 kg normal load. Reproduced with permission from [75]. Copyright Elsevier, 1965. considered the bonds to be elastic so that the forces they experienced were proportional to how far they were stretched.…”

Section: Polymer Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-augmented thermal activation: Tribology feels the force

2018

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Abstract:In stress-augmented thermal activation, the activation energy barrier that controls the rate of atomic and molecular processes is reduced by the application of stress, with the result that the rate of these processes increases exponentially with applied stress. This concept has particular relevance to Tribology, and since its development in the early twentieth century, it has been applied to develop important models of plastic flow, sliding friction, rheology, wear, and tribochemistry. This paper reviews the development of stress-augmented thermal activation and its application to all of these areas of Tribology. The strengths and limitations of the approach are then discussed and future directions considered. From the scientific point of view, the concept of stress-augmented thermal activation is important since it enables the development of models that describe macroscale tribological performance, such as friction coefficient or tribofilm formation, in terms of the structure and behaviour of individual atoms and molecules. This both helps us understand these processes at a fundamental level and also provides tools for the informed design of lubricants and surfaces.

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“…If this is the case, then Fad depends on bulk mechanical properties of the polymer and not on adhesion kinetics. Some authors (Bartenev andElkin 1965 andSchallamach 1963) postulate that adhesion kinetics is responsible for either part of, or the entire, adhesive frictional behaviour. In their view, the rate of making and breaking bonds controls the magnitude of Fad.…”

Section: The Adhesive Component Of Frictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical factors in tyre traction

Ludema

1975

Physics in Technology

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The ability of an automobile tyre to 'grip' the road and avoid skidding is ultimately dependent upon the events in the tyre-road interface. This seems obvious, and yet some 70 years after pneumatic rubber tyres were first put to use we are not able to explain fully the frictional processes between the tyre and the road. Over 650 papers have been published prior to 1970 on some aspect of tyre behaviour (Ludema and Gujrati 1973). The majority of these have been concerned with the development of tyres by empirical methods, and with the tyre as a structural element that influences vehicle dynamics. It will be several years before equations are developed from first principles to aid in tyre tread design. road texture specification and materials selection. This paper will describe some of the variables to be aware of in tyre performance, and it provides a 'state of the art' review of the friction processes involved. Considerable uncertainty exists concerning the importance of tyre-road traction (or friction). Intuitively most users of vehicles would endorse high friction on the simple ground that it would increase safety. However, there has not yet been a complete study of driver-vehicleeenvironment system effectiveness to determine how high friction should be. Nor has there been an effort to determine alternatives to high friction. The end result of an incompletely effective system is collision. In industrialized nations one person in 5000 is killed each year in automobile 'accidents' and many others are maimed. It is known that in many accidents a high tyre-road friction would not have reduced the severity of the consequences. In many other instances high friction might have been useful, but only if the driver had been trained to handle his vehicle during extreme manoeuvring. Few operators are experienced in vehicle manoeuvres involving accelerations in excess of 0.3 g. A major activity in the United States at this time is the specification of product quality. The tyre industry has been under some pressure to specify

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Friction properties of high elastic materials

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. 2. Stick-slip friction of spherical and chain molecules

Fundamental mechanisms of interfacial friction. 2. Stick-slip friction of spherical and chain molecules

Stress-augmented thermal activation: Tribology feels the force

Physical factors in tyre traction

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