Friction in perspective

Braun, Stanley; Bluestein, Maurice; Moore, B. Keith; Benson, Gary

doi:10.1016/s0889-5406(99)70286-6

Cited by 91 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition, the safety of using CHX on various fixed orthodontic appliances was not reported. It is of prime importance to investigate all the possible adverse factors, which may increase friction (19,20) between orthodontic wires and brackets because it may jeopardize the final outcome of orthodontic treatment planning (19,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chlorhexidine (gel) application on bacterial levels and orthodontic brackets during orthodontic treatment

et al. 2016

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of applying 0.50% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel using the dental drug delivery system (3DS) on salivary Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and on the surface topography of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets. The study involved 20 orthodontic patients with high levels of salivary S. mutans. The patients were treated with professional mechanical tooth cleaning followed by application of 0.50% CHX using individual trays (3DS). Salivary S. mutans levels were repeatedly measured 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-treatment. In vitro study utilized forty ceramic and metallic brackets that were immersed in 0.50% CHX gel for 10 min, whereas another untreated forty brackets served as controls. The frictional resistances of stainless steel wires to the brackets before and after CHX treatment were recorded using a universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscopy was used to compare changes in the surface topography of brackets. Statistical analyses were used to determine the effect of CHX on bacterial count and to evaluate the effect of CHX on frictional resistance. According to the results of this study, S. mutans levels were reduced significantly (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the frictional resistance and surface topography of brackets before or after application of CHX. (J Oral Sci 58, [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] 2016)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chlorhexidine (gel) application on bacterial levels and orthodontic brackets during orthodontic treatment

et al. 2016

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“…1,2 In orthodontics, factors capable of influencing frictional resistance (FR) between the bracket and the archwire have been evaluated with the use of in vitro models. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Recently, importance has been given to the type and force of ligation 7 and to the use of self-ligating brackets. 8 Self-ligating appliances and other low-friction systems seem to induce arch development and dentoalveolar expansion of the maxillary arch during initial phases of therapy with superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires, 8,9 and to reduce treatment time, especially in extraction cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction between Archwires of Different Sizes, Cross-Section and Alloy and Brackets Ligated with Low-Friction or Conventional Ligatures

Tecco

Tetè

Festa

2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To test the null hypothesis that no statistically significant difference in frictional resistance is noted when round or rectangular archwires are used in conjunction with low-friction ligatures (small, medium, or large) or conventional ligatures. Materials and Methods: A total of 10 stainless steel brackets, a 0.022-in slot, and various orthodontic archwires, ligated with low-friction ligatures or conventional ligatures, were tested to compare frictional resistance. The archwires employed were 0.014-in and 0.016-in nickel titanium (NiTi), 0.018-in stainless steel (SS), 0.016 ϫ 0.022-in NiTi, 0.016 ϫ 0.022-in SS, 0.017 ϫ 0.025-in titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA), 0.017 ϫ 0.025-in NiTi, 0.017 ϫ 0.025-in SS, 0.019 ϫ 0.025-in SS, and 0.019 ϫ 0.025-in NiTi. Each bracket/archwire combination was tested 10 times in the dry state at an ambient temperature of 34ЊC. Results: Low-friction ligatures with round archwires showed statistically significantly lower frictional resistance than did conventional ligatures. When coupled with 0.016 ϫ 0.022-in NiTi and SS, no statistically significant difference was observed among the four groups. When coupled with 0.017 ϫ 0.025-in archwires, low-friction ligatures showed statistically significantly greater frictional resistance than was seen with conventional ligatures. When coupled with 0.019 ϫ 0.025-in NiTi, low-friction ligatures showed statistically significantly greater frictional resistance than did conventional ligatures, but no difference among the four groups was observed with the 0.019 ϫ 0.025-in SS. No significant difference was assessed among low-friction ligatures of different sizes. Conclusion: Low-friction ligatures show lower friction when compared with conventional ligatures when coupled with round archwires, but not when coupled with rectangular ones. (Angle Orthod. 2009;79:111-116.)

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“…It has been demonstrated that archwire size, shape, and material properties contribute to the magnitude of friction generated; smaller wires tend to produce less friction as they have more clearance in the slot of the bracket and they have greater elasticity as compared with larger wires. 20 Iwasaki et al 21 and Braun et al 22 in their studies have revealed that though masticatory forces reduced frictional resistance, the effect was unpredictable and inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vitro Evaluation of Friction Characteristics of Conventional Stainless Steel and Self-ligating Stainless Steel Brackets with different Dimensions of Archwires in Various Bracket–archwire Combination

Sridharan

Sandbhor

Rajasekaran

et al. 2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim:The purpose of this research is to compare the frictional attributes of stainless steel conventional brackets and selfligating stainless steel brackets with different dimensions of archwires. Materials and methods:The test was carried with two sets of maxillary brackets: (1) Conventional stainless steel (Victory Series), (2) stainless steel self-ligating (SmartClip) without first premolar brackets. Stainless steel, nickel-titanium (NiTi), and beta-Ti which are the types of orthodontic wire alloys were tested in this study. To monitor the frictional force, a universal testing machine (Instron 33R 4467) that comprises 10 kg tension load cell was assigned on a range of 1 kg and determined from 0 to 2 kg, which allows moving of an archwire along the brackets. One-way analysis of variance was used to test the difference between groups. To analyze the statistical difference between the two groups, Student's t-test was used.Results: For Victory Series in static friction, p-value was 0.946 and for kinetic friction it was 0.944; at the same time for SmartClip, the p value for static and kinetic frictional resistance was 0.497 and 0.518 respectively. Hence, there was no statistically significant difference between the NiTi and stainless steel archwires. An in vitro Conclusion:It is concluded that when compared with conventional brackets with stainless steel ligatures, self-ligating brackets can produce significantly less friction during sliding. Beta-Ti archwires expressed high amount of frictional resistance and the stainless steel archwires comprise low frictional resistance among all the archwire materials.Clinical significance: In orthodontics, frictional resistance has always had a major role. Its ability to impair tooth movement leads to the need for higher forces to move the teeth and it extends the treatment time which results in loss of posterior anchorage. Friction in orthodontics is related with sliding mechanics when a wire is moving through one or a series of bracket slots.

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Friction in perspective

Cited by 91 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of chlorhexidine (gel) application on bacterial levels and orthodontic brackets during orthodontic treatment

Effects of chlorhexidine (gel) application on bacterial levels and orthodontic brackets during orthodontic treatment

Friction between Archwires of Different Sizes, Cross-Section and Alloy and Brackets Ligated with Low-Friction or Conventional Ligatures

An in vitro Evaluation of Friction Characteristics of Conventional Stainless Steel and Self-ligating Stainless Steel Brackets with different Dimensions of Archwires in Various Bracket–archwire Combination

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