Fretting contact study of Ti–6Al–4V/graphite couples in a dry shaft/bearing contact with thrust: Influence of plasma nitriding of the titanium alloy

Fretting study of an impregnated graphite bearing/nitrided stainless steel in a dry contact submitted to severe thermal-vibratory loading

“…In industrial applications, graphite is more used as a solid lubricant when it is impossible to use a fluid lubricant and graphite has good tribological qualities due to its particular structure. 6,15–24 However, graphite remains less adaptable in high temperature applications since it is highly sensitive to the humidity and to the surface desorption phenomenon. 5,23–26…”

“…In industrial applications, graphite is more used as a solid lubricant when it is impossible to use a fluid lubricant and graphite has good tribological qualities due to its particular structure. 6,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, graphite remains less adaptable in high temperature applications since it is highly sensitive to the humidity and to the surface desorption phenomenon. 5,[23][24][25][26] Moreover, in the industrial world of graphite, it is known that the addition of some metallic elements that have a low melting temperature (tin, antimony, bismuth, copper or silver, etc…) improve its tribologicl behavior.…”

Modification of Ti-6Al-4V alloy element and phase composition by compression plasma flows impact

“…Another wide-spread technique of vanadium-tissue contact limitation is protective coating deposition on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, e.g. deposition of a coating based on transition metals nitrides [6] or a graphite coating [7]. In this case a thin coating serves as a barrier layer between the implant and the tissue.…”

“…For improvement of Ti-6Al-4V alloy mechanical properties intense plastic deformation [8] as well as plasma surface nitriding [7] can be applied. Plasma treatment demonstrates the increase of titanium-based implants wear resistance [9].…”

Characterization of Ti-C-N coatings deposited on Ti6Al4V for biomedical applications

“…It occurs when two surfaces are subjected to small amplitude reciprocating motion of micro order. This phenomenon generated by vibration can significantly reduce the contact mechanism life [7]. Moreover, as a result of wear, metallic ions are released with high facility to enter in the bloodstream, leading to inflammation of the surrounding tissues and give rise to bone resorption (osteolyse), causing pain and aseptic loosening of the prosthesis [8,9].…”