Fresh Water Manganese Nodules as a Catalyst for Demetalizing and Desulfurizing Petroleum Residua

Abstract

A screening test was devised to rapidly evaluate catalysts for hydroprocessing residua in which demetalation and desulfurization are carried out as a batch reaction. This test was used to evaluate the performance of fresh water manganese nodules and cobalt-molybdenum on a wide pore alumina as catalysts for demetalizing and desulfurizing residua. The effects of temperature, hydrogen pressure, and reaction time were explored and the results indicate that, up to about 83% metals and sulfur removal, demetalation and desulfurization reactions are best described by second-order kinetics. Above 83% metals and sulfur removal the data can be described by a first-order rate equation. The reaction rate was dependent on particle size from 8 to 150 mesh manganese nodules. Second-order demetalation rate constants obtained with the cobalt-molybdenum on alumina catalyst were about 2.5 times greater than those measured using fresh water manganese nodules at 2000 psig of H2 and were about the same at 1000 and 500 psig of H2.

Hydrotreating Reactivities of Atmospheric Residues and Correlation with Their Composition and Properties

“…For the metals species, the conversion of V is obviously higher than that of Ni, which is consistent with the previous findings. ,− It is possible that the oxygen atom connected to V makes it more active, and thus promotes the V removal . The significantly different conversions for V and Ni species imply that these reactions may not occur synchronously.…”

Hydrodemetallation (HDM) kinetics of Ni-TPP over Mo/Al2O3-TiO2 catalyst

“…4. Two intense absorption bands are observed, the first one located at 527.1 nm (1) and the second one at 615 nm (2). A shoulder is also observed at 592.9 nm (3).…”

“…For example, in typical HDS (CoMo/Al 2 O 3 ) catalysts reacting in hydrogen presence, second [2] and first [3] orders have been reported. The main reason for this inconsistency appears to be the presence of diverse heteroatoms in the crude, whose nature and relative amount still lack identification and quantification.…”

Residual-Oil Hydrotreating Kinetics for Graded Catalyst Systems: Effect of Original and Treated Feedstocks

“…29 Several others found second-order behavior for both vanadium and nickel removal from residues. 19,24,[30][31][32] In a recent study with Maya residue, first-order kinetics for vanadium removal and second-order kinetics for nickel removal were found. 33 For asphaltenes conversion, information on the reaction kinetics is very limited.…”