Fresh and preserved green fodder modify effects of urinary acidifiers on urine <scp>pH</scp> of horses

Gören, Gülşen Uzun; Fritz, Julia; Dillitzer, Natalie; Hipp, B.; Kienzle, Ellen

doi:10.1111/jpn.12071

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“… CAB and urine pH in different species, data from present study and from: Baker et al., ; Wall et al., ; Kienzle et al., ; Berchtold, ; Goren et al., (horses eating no green plant material); Juergens, ; Finkensiep, ; Krohn, ; Beker et al., ; DeRouchey et al., ; Röcker, ; Chen and Shan, (pigs); Behnsen, ; Yamka and Mickelsen, (dogs); Kienzle et al., ; Kienzle and Wilms‐Eilers, ; Wagner et al., ; Jeremias et al., ; Pires et al., (cats); Kiwull‐Schöne et al., ; Paulus, (rabbits); data on dogs include unpublished data from five trials from a study in our institute.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…In horses, Goren et al. () hypothesized that excretion of phytoporphyrine, a chlorophyll metabolite, which can take up H + ‐ions by the bile would be an additional metabolic pathway of acid excretion. This would explain that horses eating green plant material did not show strong effects of acidifiers on urine pH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an estimate to predict and compare the effect of diet on acid–base balance, the CAB of the diet based on the content of the cations Ca, Mg, Na and K and the anions P, Cl and S in DM was used (Langendorf and Lang, ; Harrington and Lemann, ; Oh, ; Remer, ; Riond, ; Poupin et al., ). In cats, dogs, pigs and horses, the relationship between CAB and urine pH has been investigated (Kienzle, ; Kienzle et al., , ; Behnsen, ; Kienzle and Wilms‐Eilers, ; Beker et al., ; DeRouchey et al., ; Stevenson et al., ; Röcker, ; Yamka and Mickelsen, ; Carciofi, ; Berchtold, ; Bartges et al., ; Jeremias et al., ; Pires et al., ; Chen and Shan, ; Goren et al., ), which allows a direct comparison with this study with rabbits. A special point was the comparison of rabbits with horses because in contrast to dogs, cats and pigs, rabbits and horses both excrete large amounts of calcium by urine (Schryver et al., ; Kamphues et al., ; Kamphues, ; Redrobe, ; Clauss and Hummel, ; Kienzle and Burger, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A special point was the comparison of rabbits with horses because in contrast to dogs, cats and pigs, rabbits and horses both excrete large amounts of calcium by urine (Schryver et al., ; Kamphues et al., ; Kamphues, ; Redrobe, ; Clauss and Hummel, ; Kienzle and Burger, ). In addition, in horses the intake of green plant material such as grass or alfalfa hay, grass cobs, or grass silage as well as fresh grass has a strong impact on the relationship between CAB and urine pH (Goren et al., ). Green plant material, including hay and grass cobs, prevents acidification of urine in horses even if CAB is negative.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of cation–anion balance in feed on urine pH in rabbits in comparison with other species

Heer

Dobenecker

Kienzle

2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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In the present investigation, the impact of diet composition on urine pH in rabbits was compared with previous studies on rabbits, cats, dogs, pigs and horses. A total of 13 dwarf rabbits were fed six different diets with a cation-anion balance (CAB) between -39 and +320 mmol/kg dry matter (DM) using ammonium chloride (NH Cl) as an acidifier. CAB was calculated as follows: CAB (mmol/kg DM) = 49.9*Ca + 82.3*Mg +43.5*Na + 25.6*K - 59*P - 62.4*S - 28.2*Cl; minerals in g/kg DM. Urine, faeces and blood were collected. Urine pH ranged from 5.26 ± 0.22 at a CAB of -39 mmol/kg DM to 8.56 ± 0.24 at a CAB of +320 mmol/kg DM. A low CAB in the feed reduced blood pH and blood base excess significantly. Renal excretion of Ca, P, Na and Mg and water was significantly higher in rabbits eating acidifying diets. In comparison with other species, rabbits reacted to acidifying diets in a similar way as cats, dogs and pigs. Rabbits on a mildly alkalizing diet, however, had a trend to higher urine pH than other monogastric species on such diets (cats, dogs, pigs, horses).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of cation–anion balance in feed on urine pH in rabbits in comparison with other species

Heer

Dobenecker

Kienzle

2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…The feedstuffs were given in two equal per day (07:30 AM and 4:30 PM) consisting of 24.75 g/kg bwt 0.75 (5.0 g/kg bwt) meadow hay and 15.80 g/kg bwt 0.75 (3.2 g/kg bwt) of the mix of oats and barley grains each as fed. The amount of meadow hay was limited because several studies showed that hay and other green plant material modifies acid-base-balance in horses [36], [32], [37]. The concentrates were given just before the hay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Oral Doses of Sodium Chloride on the Basal Acid-Base and Mineral Status of Exercising Horses Fed Low Amounts of Hay

et al. 2017

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The provision of NaCl, according to current recommendations, to horses in moderate work has been shown to induce immediate postprandial acidosis. The present study aimed to clarify whether this NaCl induced acidosis i) persists beyond the immediate postprandial period, and ii) is still present after a 2 week adaptation period. Six adult warmblood mares in moderate work received daily 1.00 kg hay per 100 kg body weight (bwt) only together with 0.64 kg unprocessed cereal grains/100 kg bwt.d as fed basis. Using a 3x3 Latin Square, either 0 (NaCl-0), 50 (NaCl-50) or 100 (NaCl-100) g NaCl/d were fed together with the concentrates in two equal doses for 3 weeks. During the final week, a mineral digestibility trial was undertaken. The middle sodium and chloride intake (NaCl-50) at least met the most common recommendations for moderate work. Morning (7:00 AM) urine and venous blood samples were collected on days 0, 1–4, 8, and 15, and analysed for pH, acid-base status, creatinine and electrolyte concentrations. Fractional electrolyte clearances (FC) were determined. Mean apparent sodium digestibility ranged between 60–62% whereas chloride digestibility was consistently above 94%. Supplementing 100 g but not 50 g of NaCl resulted in significant reduction of blood pH and base excess as well as urinary pH and urine acid excretion. Both 50 g and 100 g NaCl supplementation caused a significant reduction in base and net acid-base excretion, urine density and potassium concentration, but increased urine sodium concentration and the FC of sodium and chloride (P < 0.05). This suggests that a high proportion of the recommended salt doses is excreted renally. The above effects of NaCl supplementation persisted over the 2 week measurement period. Results suggest that feeding 100 g NaCl to moderately exercising horses results in mild metabolic acidosis, whereas feeding 50 g according to current recommendations resulted in compensated acidosis.

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Supplementation of OmniGen-AF improves the metabolic response to a glucose tolerance test in beef heifers1,2

Sanchez

Carroll

Broadway

et al. 2019

Translational Animal Science

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This study determined whether feeding the immunomodulating supplement, OmniGen-AF, to feedlot heifers would alter metabolic profiles to a glucose tolerance test. Heifer calves (n = 32; 217 ± 2 kg) were allocated into two treatment diets: 1) Control, fed a standard receiving ration, and 2) OmniGen, fed the Control diet supplemented with OmniGen at 4.54 g/45 kg BW/d. Heifers were fed for 42 d. On d 42, Heifers were processed through a working facility for placement of indwelling jugular catheters. After these procedures, heifers were moved into individual stanchions in an enclosed barn and all heifers were fed their treatment diets at 1400 h. All orts were removed at 2000 h to allow for a 12-h fast prior to first blood collection. The following day, heifers were administered 0.5 mL/kg BW of a 50% dextrose solution at 0900 h (0 min). Blood samples were collected for serum isolation at −60, −45, −30, −15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min relative to bolus dextrose infusion. Serum was stored at −80 oC until analyzed for cortisol, glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and urea N concentrations. There was a treatment × time interaction for post-challenge cortisol (P = 0.004) such that cortisol was greater in OmniGen heifers than Control heifers from 10- to 45- min post-infusion. Glucose concentrations increased post-infusion (P < 0.01) and were reduced in OmniGen compared to Control heifers at 10-, 45-, and 90-min after challenge (treatment × time P < 0.001). Similarly, there was a treatment × time interaction for post-challenge insulin concentrations (P = 0.04) such that insulin was greater in OmniGen-fed heifers than Control heifers from 10 to 30 min. In addition, there was a treatment × time interaction (P = 0.01) for NEFA concentrations such that concentrations were reduced in OmniGen-supplemented heifers from 10 to 30 min following administration of the dextrose bolus. Serum urea N concentrations were greater in Control heifers at 150 min compared to OmniGen-fed heifers (post-challenge treatment × time interaction: P < 0.001). These data suggest that OmniGen-fed heifers were more responsive to changes in glucose, perhaps affecting the storage and/or redistribution of energy deposits and provide further evidence for altered metabolism in OmniGen-supplemented cattle. The differences observed may explain differences observed in the immune response in OmniGen-supplemented calves.

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Fresh and preserved green fodder modify effects of urinary acidifiers on urine pH of horses

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of cation–anion balance in feed on urine pH in rabbits in comparison with other species

Effect of cation–anion balance in feed on urine pH in rabbits in comparison with other species

Effects of Different Oral Doses of Sodium Chloride on the Basal Acid-Base and Mineral Status of Exercising Horses Fed Low Amounts of Hay

Supplementation of OmniGen-AF improves the metabolic response to a glucose tolerance test in beef heifers1,2

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