Frequent detection of the parvoviruses, PARV4 and PARV5, in plasma from blood donors and symptomatic individuals

Fryer, Jacqueline F.; Delwart, Eric; Hecht, Frederick M.; Bernardin, Flavien; Jones, Mary Smith McCrory; Shah, Nita R.; Baylis, Sally A.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01235.x

Cited by 110 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…So far, the virus has been isolated from many tissues including bone marrow of HIV-positive individuals (13) and the liver of HBVand HCV-infected patients (14,15). Moreover, the virus has been diagnosed in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), skin, myocardium, and blood products around the world (1,3,7,8,11,(15)(16)(17). Despite the detection of viral nucleic acid in many organs, PARV4 has scarcely been linked to specific symptoms, except for a recent study that was conducted in Africa linking PARV4 to encephalitis (11) and another study in which the virus was diagnosed in people with symptoms including pharyngitis, nausea, and joint pain (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

et al. 2017

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Background/aim: PARV4, a small DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae, was first isolated in an HBV injecting drug user. Several studies have investigated PARV4 co-infection with HBV and HCV and its effect on the progression of liver disease. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of PARV4 among HBV-infected patients and healthy individuals. Materials and methods:A group of 90 HBV patients and a group of 90 healthy subjects were included in this study. Samples were selected after screening tests such as HBsAg ELISA, anti-HCV ELISA, and anti-HIV ELISA. Nested-PCRs were conducted to detect the PARV4 genome. Positive samples were then subjected to DNA sequencing.Results: PARV4 DNA was detected in 4.4% of HBV patients in comparison with 1.1% of healthy individuals (P-value: 0.36). DNA sequencing results revealed that PARV4 in all five positive samples was genotype I.Conclusions: Although this pilot study showed no significant difference between the frequency of PARV4 among HBV patients and healthy donors, further studies with a larger sample size are suggested to determine the association of PARV4 with HBV co-infection and the impact of this virus on the progression of liver disease in patients with hepatitis B.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

et al. 2017

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“…PARV4 is not closely related to any other parvovirus described to date, and may constitute a new group within the parvovirus family. Detection of PARV4 infections has to date been restricted to pooled plasma or plasma-derived blood products (Fryer et al, 2006(Fryer et al, , 2007b and to autopsy samples of lymphoid tissue, bone marrow or liver from study subjects in the USA and Europe Simmonds et al, 2007;Longhi et al, 2007;Fryer et al, 2007d;Schneider et al, 2008). Compared with other parvoviruses, which are predominantly transmitted through respiratory routes, PARV4 infections show an unusual risk-group association.…”

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confidence: 99%

A third genotype of the human parvovirus PARV4 in sub-Saharan Africa

Simmonds

Douglas

Bestetti

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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PARV4 is a recently discovered human parvovirus widely distributed in injecting drug users in the USA and Europe, particularly in those co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Like parvovirus B19, PARV4 persists in previously exposed individuals. In bone marrow and lymphoid tissue, PARV4 sequences were detected in two sub-Saharan African study subjects with AIDS but without a reported history of parenteral exposure and who were uninfected with hepatitis C virus. PARV4 variants infecting these subjects were phylogenetically distinct from genotypes 1 and 2 (formerly PARV5) that were reported previously. Analysis of near-complete genome sequences demonstrated that they should be classified as a third (equidistant) PARV4 genotype. The availability of a further near-complete genome sequence of this novel genotype facilitated identification of conserved novel open reading frames embedded in the ORF2 coding sequence; one encoded a putative protein with identifiable homology to SAT proteins of members of the genus Parvovirus.

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“…The fi rst prevalence studies, performed mainly in North America and the United Kingdom, reported fi nding the virus in plasma samples from febrile patients who had symptoms resembling those of acute HIV infection (6%), from cadavers of hepatitis C RNA-positive intravenous drug users (30%), and in plasma donations from healthy blood donors (5% pooled, 2% individual) (3)(4)(5). PARV4 was also identifi ed in clotting factor VIII concentrate and in plasma pools negative for parvovirus B19 DNA (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…PARV4 was also identifi ed in clotting factor VIII concentrate and in plasma pools negative for parvovirus B19 DNA (5,6). This new virus appears to not be restricted solely to blood samples; it has been already identifi ed in bone marrow, in various autopsy tissue samples from patients with AIDS, and in liver tissues of persons with liver dysfunctions (7)(8)(9).…”

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confidence: 99%