Frequency of Paraoxonase 192/55 Polymorphism in an Iranian Population

Abstract

Paraoxonase (PON1) is a serum enzyme that plays an important role in prevention of atherosclerosis and also protects against organophosphate-induced neurotoxicity. PON1 displays a high variability in human populations. In this study, PON1-192 and -55 polymorphisms and correlation to serum PON1 activity were investigated in 132 healthy Iranian individuals from Isfahan province. The genotype frequencies for PON1-192 were approximately 48% (QQ), 42.% (QR), and 10% (RR) and for PON1-55 17% (MM), 48% (ML), and 35% (LL). Thus, the frequencies of alleles R and L were 0.31 and 0.59, respectively. PON1 activity toward paraoxon was markedly affected in both polymorphic populations in the following order QQ < QR < RR genotype for PON1-192 and MM < ML < LL genotype for PON1-55. Neither polymorphism significantly affected PON1 activity toward phenylacetate. The RR/LL individuals had the highest PON1 activity and QQ/MM individuals the least. The QR/ML haplotype was the most frequent seen in Iranians, and the RR/MM and QR/MM haplotypes were absent in this population. In conclusion, the frequencies of PON1-192 and -55 polymorphisms in this Iranian population were different from those seen in other Asian populations from Japan and China but similar to those for European Caucasians.

Paraoxonase 1 and Its Relationship With Pesticide Biomarkers in Indigenous Mexican Farmworkers

“…39,[54][55][56][57] In this study, a wide variation in PON1 activity among individuals was observed; a variability of 6.17-fold was observed when phenylacetate was used as a substrate, and a 4.4-fold variability was observed with substrate CMPA. Although a large interindividual variation in PON1 activity was observed in this work, there is actually less variation in this indigenous population compared with others.…”

Paraoxonase-1 and myeloperoxidase correlate with vascular biomarkers in overweight patients with newly diagnosed untreated hyperlipidaemia

“…The activity of the enzyme is usually measured with paraoxon as a substrate (paraoxonase activity) to characterize its antioxidant capacity; and with phenyl acetate (arylesterase activity) which is considered to correlate with its serum level [26,27]. It has been proposed that paraoxonase proteins including PON1 primarily possess lactonase activity.…”

Estudo das paraoxonases 1, 2 e 3 em pacientes portadores de anemia falciforme"

“…O substrato paroxon é eficientemente hidrolisado pela aloenzima 192R (Li et al, 2000;Draganov e La Du, 2004) e outros substratos como soman, sarin e diazoxon são mais rapidamente hidrolisados pela aloenzima 192Q (Humbert et al, 1993;Richter et al, 2009). A isoforma 192Q, in vitro, promove melhor proteção da LDL contra o acúmulo de peróxidos lipídicos Sepahvand et al, 2007) em detrimento da isoforma 192R, a qual, por sua vez, tem sido considerada um fator de risco independente e positivamente associada com a doença coronariana, devido a menor eficácia antioxidativa (Sanghera et al, 1997;Mackness et al,1998;Pérez-Herrera et al, 2008;Vaisi-Raygani et al, 2011).…”

“…O alelo 192Q, no gene da PON1, parece ser mais frequente na população asiática, quando comparado ao alelo 192R (Phuntuwate et al, 2005;Sepahvand et al, 2007;Ozturk et al, 2009;VaisiRaygani et al, 2011), assim como em regiões temperadas da Europa e da América do Norte (Deakin et al, 2003;Hernandez et al, 2003). Achados similares foram também encontrados em alguns estudos realizados na América do Sul (Gamboa et al, 2006;Santos et al, 2005;Maselli, 2007;Pérez-Herrera et al, 2008).…”

“…Estudos indicaram que o alelo 55L parece ser mais frequente quando comparado ao alelo M, (Brophy et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2003;Santos et al, 2005;Rios et al, 2007;Sepahvand et al, 2007).…”