Frequency of Human Rhinovirus Species in Outpatient Children With Acute Respiratory Infections at Primary Care Level in Brazil

Moreira, Luciana; Kamikawa, Janete; Watanabe, Aripuanã Sakurada Aranha; Carraro, Emerson; Leal, Élcio; Arruda, Eurico; Granato, Celso Francisco Hernandes; Bellei, Nancy

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31820d0de3

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Although differences in subject recruitment strategies prevent exact comparison between our studies and others, our HRV detection proportions are similar to pediatric respiratory disease studies from North America and Asia which had proportions that varied between 7.7% and 17.4% [7,17,35]. In South America, three separate studies from Brazil observed HRV detection proportions with a broader range, 15.9% to 46.7%, in children with ARI [22,23,25]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The relative low percentage of HRV-B detected (4% of total HRVs) could relate to the fact that this virus has been shown to present with no fever [7] and our inclusion criteria required a fever ≥38°C, and thus, we could have underestimated the presence of this virus in the population. However, others have noted similar compositions of the three HRV species, with HRV-B accounting for only 4-11% of all HRVs recovered from subjects with respiratory complaints [7,17,22,35]. Among HEVs, coxsackieviruses, both A and B, were the most predominant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses in influenza-like illness in Latin America

Garcia

Espejo

Nelson

et al. 2013

Virol J

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BackgroundHuman rhinoviruses (HRVs) belong to the Picornaviridae family with high similarity to human enteroviruses (HEVs). Limited data is available from Latin America regarding the clinical presentation and strains of these viruses in respiratory disease.MethodsWe collected nasopharyngeal swabs at clinics located in eight Latin American countries from 3,375 subjects aged 25 years or younger who presented with influenza-like illness.ResultsOur subjects had a median age of 3 years and a 1.2:1.0 male:female ratio. HRV was identified in 16% and HEV was identified in 3%. HRVs accounted for a higher frequency of isolates in those of younger age, in particular children < 1 years old. HRV-C accounted for 38% of all HRVs detected. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high proportion of recombinant strains between HRV-A/HRV-C and between HEV-A/HEV-B. In addition, both EV-D68 and EV-A71 were identified.ConclusionsIn Latin America as in other regions, HRVs and HEVs account for a substantial proportion of respiratory viruses identified in young people with ILI, a finding that provides additional support for the development of pharmaceuticals and vaccines targeting these pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses in influenza-like illness in Latin America

Garcia

Espejo

Nelson

et al. 2013

Virol J

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“…In our cohort, RV‐C was detected in 4.7% of ARI cases over the 2 years. Another study in Brazil (São Paulo) in 120 children <12 years presenting as outpatients with ARI detected RV in 47% and RV‐C in 28% of children [Moreira et al, ]. Our study differed in both age groups included (<5 years [most <1year], vs. <12 years) and setting (ED vs. outpatient).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Rhinovirus‐C detection in children presenting with acute respiratory infection to hospital in Brazil

Fawkner-Corbett

Khoo

Duarte

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Virology

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Introduction Human rhinovirus (RV) is a common cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children. We aimed to characterise the clinical and demographic features associated with different RV species detected in children attending hospital with ARI, from low-income families in North-east Brazil. Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 630 children <5years with ARI. Clinical diagnosis and disease severity were also recorded. Samples were analysed by multiplex PCR for 18 viral and atypical bacterial pathogens; RV positive samples underwent partial sequencing to determine species and type. Results RV was the fourth commonest pathogen accounting for 18.7% of pathogens detected. RV was commonly detected in children with bronchiolitis, pneumonia and asthma/episodic viral wheeze (EVW). Species and type were assigned in 112 cases (73% RV-A; 27% RV-C; 0% RV-B). Generally, there were no differences in clinical or demographic characteristics between those infected with RV-A and RV-C. However, in children with asthma/EVW, RV-C was detected relatively more frequently than RV-A (23% vs 5%; p=0.04). Conclusions Our findings highlight RV as a potentially important pathogen in this setting. Generally, clinical and demographic features were similar in children in whom RV A and C species were detected. However, RV-C was more frequently found in children with asthma/EVW than RV-A.

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“…Concerning the epidemiology of HRV in South America, other groups in Brazil and Argentina have reported similar results about the circulation of HRV in children (27–30%) [Moreira et al, ; Marcone et al, ]. As stated above, in South America few descriptions of HRVs circulation have been reported until now, and the viruses have been characterized only at species level, not genotype level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…As stated above, in South America few descriptions of HRVs circulation have been reported until now, and the viruses have been characterized only at species level, not genotype level. Only two countries (Brazil and Argentina) have previously reported the known HRV species; these reports include studies with outpatients and hospitalized children as well as adults with respiratory infection [Watanabe et al, ; de Almeida et al, ; Moreira et al, ; Marcone et al, ; da Silva et al, ]. Thus, future efforts should be made in South America to provide a more detailed genetic characterization of HRVs isolated from patients, in order to clarify the potential severity of different clinical manifestations caused by specific HRV genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny‐based classification of human rhinoviruses detected in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infection in Paraguay, 2010–2011

Espínola

Russomando

Aquino

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human rhinovirus (HRV), a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus, is associated with mild upper respiratory tract infections in children. The aim of this study was to carry out a molecular characterization and phylogeny-based classification of the circulating genotypes of HRV in hospitalized children with clinical manifestations of acute lower respiratory infection in Paraguay. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 101 children under 5 years of age, hospitalized with symptoms of acute lower respiratory infection, between May 2010 and December 2011, at the largest public pediatric hospital in the Central Department of Paraguay. Detection was performed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction, followed by conventional amplification of the VP4/VP2 genomic region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Rhinovirus was detected in 33.7% of the samples. Amplification of 18 samples showed the presence of all three species (HRV-A, -B, and -C). Different genotypes were found for each species: 11 for HRV-A (-9, -12, -22, -30, -36, -43, -59, -61, -68, -88, and -89), one for HRV-B (-4), and four for HRV-C (-C2, -C3, -C6, and -C9). In South America, information about HRV diversity is scarce. This is the first report on HRV genotype diversity in South America.

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Frequency of Human Rhinovirus Species in Outpatient Children With Acute Respiratory Infections at Primary Care Level in Brazil

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses in influenza-like illness in Latin America

Human rhinoviruses and enteroviruses in influenza-like illness in Latin America

Rhinovirus‐C detection in children presenting with acute respiratory infection to hospital in Brazil

Phylogeny‐based classification of human rhinoviruses detected in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infection in Paraguay, 2010–2011

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