Frequency limits of the ultra-miniature circulator

Abstract

A lumped miniature circulator operating at 7 Ghz is presented. The integration of both the capacitors and the inductances on the same femte substrate allows minimum size. m e effects wbicb limit the circulator operating at higher frequencies are analysed. The thick f b layer technology used to produce the device and the design process of the circulator is described. We have used the n u m e m advantages of this technology to build a device higher than 5 Ghz, the highest operating frequency found in the literature. IEEE MTT-S Digest..

Design and fabrication of low-cost ferrite circulators

“…Lumpedelement techniques hold considerable promise for reducing size and cost (12,13) but the majority of effort has been concentrated on relatively narrow bands and lower microwave frequencies. Rapidly improving analysis tools and better fabrication techniques should significantly extend their range of applications.…”