Frequency-Fixed Beam-Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna Using Electronically Controllable Corrugated Microstrip Line

Programmable Controls of Multiple Modes of Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons to Reach Reconfigurable Plasmonic Devices

“…[2][3][4][5][6] To overcome the complexity of 3D structures, an ultrathin corrugated metallic strip was proposed in 2013 to support and guide the SSPPs with high confinement even when it was bent, twisted, or wrapped arbitrarily. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] However, only a few works for the dynamic manipulation of SSPPs have been reported at both terahertz [28][29][30] and microwave [16,[31][32][33][34][35] frequencies, and that most of them are simply tunable SSPPs rather than programmable ones. [8,9] Hereafter, many related works have been reported based on SSPPs, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] which have advantages of low transmission loss, highly localized fields, low crosstalk, and so on.…”

“…[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] However, only a few works for the dynamic manipulation of SSPPs have been reported at both terahertz [28][29][30] and microwave [16,[31][32][33][34][35] frequencies, and that most of them are simply tunable SSPPs rather than programmable ones. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] However, only a few works for the dynamic manipulation of SSPPs have been reported at both terahertz [28][29][30] and microwave [16,[31][32][33][34][35] frequencies, and that most of them are simply tunable SSPPs rather than programmable ones.…”

Hybrid Digital Coding Metasurface for Independent Control of Propagating Surface and Spatial Waves

“…Periodic boundaries are used in both the x and y directions as shown in Figure a with the left subgraph, and then the phase variation in one unit along the x direction can be achieved as φ x = k x d , where k x is the wave number of SWs. According to Maxwell's Equations, the surface impedance of the unit can be further calculated once k x is knownwhere k 0 is the free‐space wave number and Z 0 is the free‐space wave impedance. The calculated surface impedances of Z s with the parameters of a and h are demonstrated in Figure b, which shows that Z s is more sensitive to the change in groove depth h than width a .…”

“…The calculated surface impedances of Z s with the parameters of a and h are demonstrated in Figure b, which shows that Z s is more sensitive to the change in groove depth h than width a . That is because the transverse electric‐field distribution ( E x ) of SWs in grooves is affected greatly by the groove depth compared to the width, leading to surface impedance change …”

“…According to the knowledge of leaky‐wave radiations, SWs propagating along the x direction can be manipulated to introduce an infinity of space harmonics when the surface impedance is modulated periodically. The −1st order harmonic is usually chosen to achieve one single radiation beam, whose angle can be calculated aswhere X ′ = ( Z smax + Z smin )/2 Z 0 is the normalized average surface impedance and p is the modulation period of Z smax and Z smin .…”