Frequency distribution of virulence factors in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from Kermanshah in 2011-2012

Abstract

Background:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) can cause urinary tract infection (UTI). To prevent urine flow lavage, UPEC has acquired several virulence factors called adhesins. These adhesins are expressed and controlled by different genes.Aim:This study was aimed to determine some of the most important genes that control virulence factors of UPEC (pyelonephritis associated pili [pap], S fimbrial adhesion [sfa] and A fimbrial adhesion [afa] genes), which code for adhesins and phenotypic factors.Materials and Methods:In total, 205 UPEC isolates from in- and out-patients with UTI were obtained. Polymerase chain reaction was used for gene amplification. One drop of bacterial suspension, one of red blood cells and one of peripheral blood smear were mixed for hemagglutination (HA). Formation of a clump was considered to be positive. Bacteria were grown on blood agar to determine hemolysis. Surface hydrophobicity was determined using the SAT test.Result:Frequencies of pap, afa and sfa were 42 (20.5%), 17 (8.3%) and 44 (21.5%), respectively. Frequencies of HA, hemolysis and hydrophobicity were 138 (67.3%), 56 (27.3%) and 39 (19%), respectively. Among HA-positive bacteria, 103 (74.6%) were mannose resistant. Our results highlight higher frequency of HA than that of other virulence factors, indicating a crucial role of this virulence factor in UPEC.Discussion:We concluded that major differences exist in the prevalence of virulence factors among different UPEC isolated from different countries. The association observed between pathogenicity and virulence factors may promote UPEC survival and growth within the urinary tract. Detecting these genes as the primary controllers of UPEC virulence factors may aid in better management of related infections.

Phenotypic detection of multidrug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli from clinical samples

“…Among pus and sputum samples amikacin was highly sensitive (100%). The greater prevalence of resistance to common antibiotics has also been reported by Mohajeri et al (2014), where maximum number of isolates (100%) was resistant to ampicillin, carbenicillin and ceftazidime and the lowest to chloramphenicol (37%).…”

Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in uropathogenic <i>Escherichia</i> <i>coli</i> strains isolated from cystitis and pyelonephritis

“…The UPEC strains possess adherence and virulence factors on the surface called pili or fimbriae, which mediate the attachment to uroepithelial cells and successfully initiate infections (18). Specific attachment is facilitated by bacterial proteins called adhesins, which may be associated with fimbriae (19). The pyelonephritisassociated pilus (Pap) operon is the most commonly found, encoding P fimbriae (20).…”

Investigation of P Fimbriae Presence in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Urine Samples in Human, and Their Antibacterial Resistance

“…These differences may be due to the differences in geographical regions. The pap gene encodes for P-fimbriae that allows bacteria to adhere to epithelial surfaces and protect them against urine lavage, thus allowing them to ascend further to even cause serious disease (30).…”