Frequency distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood group alleles in Silte Zone, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Frequency distribution of blood groups is important as it is used in modern medicine, genetic research, anthropology, and tracing ancestral relations of humans. The ABO and Rh blood groups are the most important blood groups despite the long list of several other blood groups discovered so far.Aim of the study: To study and document the frequency of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups in three ethnic groups of Silte Zone, Ethiopia.Subjects and methods: ABO and Rh (D) typing was carried out during 2012 and a total of 441 students from both genders were randomly selected from Silte Secondary and Preparatory School, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Finger prick blood samples from both genders were tested for ABO and Rh (D) blood groups by the open slide test method. A drop of each of the antisera, anti-A, anti-B and anti-D was added and mixed with each blood sample and rocked gently for 60 s to observe agglutination.Results: The blood group ''O'' was predominant (36.73%, 40.14%, 46.26% in Sodo, Silte and Meskan ethnic groups, respectively) in all the Rh positive subjects whereas blood group ''A'' was predominant (5.4%) in the Rh negative subjects only in the Sodo ethnic group among the three ethnic groups. The percentage of Rh (D) positive and negative subjects was 91. 16%, 93.19%, 91.84% and 8.84%, 6.81%, 8.16% in Sodo, Silte and Meskan ethnic groups, respectively.Conclusion: The frequency of ABO blood groups in both Rh positive and negative subjects among the three ethnic groups of the Silte Zone, Ethiopia was O > A > B > AB, except in the Sodo ethnic group where the blood group A was the commonest among Rh negative subjects.Ó 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Ain Shams University.

Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) allele frequency among the populations of Yilmana Denssa and Mecha, Ethiopia

“…In the study from Butajira, south Ethiopia, high allelic frequency of O blood group was reported which is in an agreement with our finding. 13 In a diverse ethnic background population of Ethiopian students, blood group study also showed similarity with our result. 12 Several studies indicate O blood group is most frequent in Africa which is very common in malaria endemic regions of the world.…”

“…18 This is because Ethiopia is a country with more than 85 different ethnic groups having their own genetic diversity with culture of intermarriages among ethnic groups. 13 Expected frequency (genotypic frequency) was calculated from allele frequencies. The Hardy-Weinberg law states that both allele and genotype frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation in an infinitely large, interbreeding population in which mating is at random and there is no selection, migration and mutation.…”

“…Only a few studies have investigated blood groups in Ethiopia. 9,10,13 There is a limited information on the frequencies of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups in Ethiopian general population and particularly in the area of Yilmana Denssa and Mecha town. 10 Therefore, in this study, the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) allele frequencies among the populations of Yilmana Denssa and Mecha, Ethiopia were assessed to lay a base for population genetics studies.…”

Blood Group Distribution in Switzerland - a Historical Comparison

“…Since between-as well as within-country variation of ethnic groups is considerable, we cannot provide a comprehensive distribution of ABO blood groups for individuals by country or ethnic group. However, previous studies suggest that blood type B is much more prevalent in individuals of Asian and African origin than in those of European (Caucasian) origin [4,[41][42][43][44][45]. As with individuals from successor states to Yugoslavia, naturalization and reproduction may be associated with the higher frequency of blood In summary, until recently, Switzerland has predominantly received immigration from (neighboring) European countries, which share an ethnicity and similar distributions of blood groups.…”

Estimation of allelic frequencies for ABO and Rh blood groups

“…Assuming that the D and d alleles have p and q frequencies respectively, under HWE condition, the frequency of Rh À is equal to q 2 . The allele frequencies are now: I read the article of Tesfaye et al [5] with great interest. Based on the data presented in Tables 1 and 2 of the above mentioned article [5], the allelic frequencies (means the corrected frequencies), and deviations of the observed values from the expected values based on HWE for ABO phenotypes are presented in Table 1.…”